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在马拉维接受ART的成年人中发生高血压:一个嵌套队列研究

Osward M Nyirenda¹, Brewster Moyo², Titus Divala¹

¹Blantyre Malaria Project, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi.

BMC infectious diseases

|December 25, 2025

概括

在撒哈拉以南非洲,接受抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 的艾滋病毒感染者 (PLHIV) 中,高血压发病率很高. 诸如年龄较大,男性性别,肥胖和某些ART疗法等因素增加了风险,而三甲-硫甲 (TS) 可能会提供保护.

科学领域:

公共卫生公共卫生
传染性疾病传染性疾病
心血管健康心血管健康

背景情况:

在撒哈拉以南非洲接受抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 的老龄化人口面临着高血压率的上升,这是艾滋病毒感染者 (PLHIV) 中显著的并发症.
关于撒哈拉以南非洲的PLHIV中高血压发病率的数据有限,需要进行本地队列研究来了解这一日益严重的健康问题.

研究的目的:

评估艾滋病毒感染者 (PLHIV) 在马拉维接受抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 期间发生的高血压的频率和相关性.
在长期艾滋病毒管理的背景下,从撒哈拉以南非洲提供关于高血压发病率的关键数据.

主要方法:

在临床试验中进行的一项前性队列研究,追踪了1,240名没有流行高血压的PLHIV.
血压是常规查,高血压定义为静脉血压≥140 mmHg和静脉血压≥90 mmHg在两个连续的访问.
普森回归分析,包括基于指向环形图的单变量和多变量模型,用于确定发病率和识别预测因素.

主要成果:

在接受ART的PLHIV患者中,高血压的发生率为每1000人年观察 (PYO) 36.9.
发生高血压的预测因素包括更高的年龄,男性性别,超重或肥胖,以及非efavirenz的ART疗法.
与没有预防相比,接受三甲胺-硫胺 (TS) 预防与发生高血压的风险降低有关.

结论:

在长期ART治疗中稳定的PLHIV患者中高血压的高发病率强调了需要在ART诊所进行例行血压查.
识别的预测因素可以帮助针对PLHIV中高血压的查工作.
TS预防的潜在保护作用需要进一步调查和确认.

关键词:

艺术艺术艺术艺术非洲非洲非洲在高血压的高血压.影响影响影响影响马拉维马拉维马拉维马拉维感染艾滋病毒的人.三甲胺 - - 硫甲醇预防性预防

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