临床表现 临床表现
Jeremy A Elman1,2, Erik Buchholz1,3, Rouhui Chen4
1University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 26, 2025
概括
在认知测试中,实践效应 (PE) 持续多年,即使是长时间间隔. 在纵向研究中对PEs进行调整对于准确的MCI检测和诊断至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 重复的认知测试可以导致实践效应 (PE),随着时间的推移影响表现.
- 为PEs进行调整对于准确检测轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 和阿尔茨海默病生物标志物一致性的有效性很重要.
- 经过多次长期随访,与年龄相关的衰退一起,PEs的持续性需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 在从中年到老年的一个非临床样本中,研究实践效应 (PE) 在17年内的持久性.
- 评估PE调整对认知得分和轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 患病率随时间推移的影响.
- 为了确定PE在老化过程中影响纵向认知评估的程度.
主要方法:
- 利用来自越南时代双胞胎老龄化研究 (VETSA) 的数据,其中有1,608名男性参与者跨越4个波 (年龄为56-73岁).
- 估计30次测试的PEs使用概括估计方程,在每一波中比较返回者与磨损替代者.
- 计算了多个领域的未调整和PE调整的认知得分,并比较了PE调整前后的MCI患病率.
主要成果:
- 在所有后续波的许多认知测试中观察到显著的PE,特别是在情节性和视觉记忆中.
- 经PE调整的认知分数始终低于未经调整的分数,除了流性.
- 在PE调整后,MCI患病率增加了多达20%,表明早期检测.
结论:
- 实践效应 (PE) 在几十年和长时间的测试间隔中持续存在.
- 即使是轻微的PEs也可以显著影响认知得分,从而提前识别轻度认知障碍 (MCI).
- 在纵向研究中考虑PEs对于准确的诊断,提高临床试验效率和降低成本至关重要.
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