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巴西土著人民的死亡率趋势和差异:跨越2010-2022年的综合生态时间序列研究
Adriano Hyeda1, Elide Sbardellotto Mariano da Costa2, Sergio Cândido Kowalski3
1Post-graduation Program in Internal Medicine, https://ror.org/05syd6y78Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
Journal of biosocial science
|December 26, 2025
概括
巴西原住民的死亡率从2010年到2022年大幅增加,特别是儿童和母亲的死亡率. 解决可预防的原因需要加强初级医疗保健和文化安全战略.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 人口统计学 人口统计学
背景情况:
- 巴西土著人民的死亡率趋势没有得到充分的记录.
- 了解这些趋势对于解决健康不平等至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述2010年至2022年巴西土著和非土著人口的死亡率趋势.
- 确定这些群体之间的死亡原因和死亡率的差异.
主要方法:
- 使用全国人口统计和死亡率数据 (2010-2022) 的生态时间序列研究.
- 按性别,年龄和ICD-10组分的分层死亡率分析.
- 使用Pearson的千平方测试和趋势评估与平均年百分比变化 (AAPC) 的结点回归 (JR) 的比较.
主要成果:
- 原住民死亡率增加了82.5% (2010-2022年),超过非原住民的增长率 (42.3%).
- 原住民儿童/青少年 (0-19岁) 的死亡率高3.3至3.8倍;成年人 (≥40岁) 的死亡率低2.5倍.
- 原住民因孕产妇,产周和先天性疾病的死亡率较高;产周,先天性和外部原因的显著增加;传染病的减少.
结论:
- 巴西的土著人民面临着持续不良的死亡率模式,特别影响儿童,青少年和母亲的健康.
- 许多主要的死亡原因是可以预防的,强调了有针对性的干预措施的必要性.
- 加强初级卫生保健,产前/产周服务,疫苗接种,心理健康支持和文化安全战略对于减少不平等至关重要.
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