与老年人口腔虚弱相关的因素:系统性审查和元分析
Yanru Chen1, Ling Zhang1, Wen Yan2
1Department of Cardiology and Endodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Frontiers in public health
|December 26, 2025
概括
这一系统性审查确定了与老年人口腔虚弱相关的20个因素,包括年龄,性别,慢性疾病和身体功能. 这些发现凸显了需要全面评估和有针对性的干预措施,以改善老年人口腔健康.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 口腔健康 口腔健康
背景情况:
- 口腔虚弱 (OF) 具有与年龄相关的口腔功能下降的特征,导致营养不良和不良健康结果.
- 了解与OF相关的因素对于在老年人中开发有效干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 综合检查与老年人口腔虚弱相关的因素.
- 为早期识别和针对口腔虚弱的定制干预提供指导.
主要方法:
- 一个系统的审查和观测研究的元分析.
- 搜索了多个数据库 (PubMed,Embase,科学网,CNKI,CBM,CQVIP,万芳) 截至2025年4月.
- 包括39项研究,涉及41,854名老年人,分析了27个影响因素.
主要成果:
- 确定了与口腔虚弱相关的20个重要因素.
- 这些因素包括社会人口统计学 (年龄,女性性别,低收入),并发病 (肉类,中风,认知障碍,≥2种慢性疾病),身体功能 (身体虚弱,身体活动低,ADL障碍),社会/心理 (抑郁,社会隔离,睡眠不佳) 和饮食因素 (饮食多样性低,食欲差).
- 具体的显著因素包括年龄 (WMD=4.21),女性性别 (OR=1.76),低收入 (OR=1.94),肉眼症 (OR=2.92),中风 (OR=2.68),认知障碍 (OR=4.25),≥2种慢性疾病 (OR=6.07),身体虚弱 (OR=2.21),抑郁 (OR=3.76),和营养不良 (OR=2.58).
结论:
- 五个领域的20个因素与老年人口腔虚弱有关.
- 公共卫生和医疗保健专业人员应对这些因素进行彻底评估.
- 需要有针对性的干预措施来减少口腔虚弱并改善老年人群的整体健康.
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