发出警报:呼吁服务提供商减少拉丁裔成年人自闭症服务的差异
Antonio F Pagán1, Katherine A Loveland1
1UTHealth Science Center at Houston, USA.
Hispanic journal of behavioral sciences
|December 26, 2025
概括
拉丁裔成年人面临延迟自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 诊断,导致诊断不足和负面结果. 改善对适应文化,翻译自闭症服务的获取对于这种服务不足的人群至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 在拉丁裔中,自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 诊断率正在增加.
- 与白人相比,拉丁裔儿童和成年人患ASD的诊断不足和诊断延迟.
- 迟到或缺席的ASD诊断与不利的生活结果有关.
研究的目的:
- 调查自闭症诊断专科诊所中拉丁裔成年人的诊断年龄和代表性.
- 为了比较拉丁裔和白人成年人诊断出ASD的人口和临床特征.
- 确定障碍,并提出改善拉丁裔人口ASD诊断服务的建议.
主要方法:
- 从2012年至2022年间,从专科诊所诊断成年期自闭症的患者数据的回顾性分析.
- 拉丁裔和白人成年人之间诊断时的年龄和人口代表性的比较.
- 利用2020年人口普查数据来评估代表性不足.
主要成果:
- 拉丁裔成年人 (n=31) 在诊断时比白人成年人 (n=323) 年龄大得多.
- 拉丁裔成年人在诊断诊所的代表严重不足,尽管症状严重程度和痛苦程度相似.
- 拉丁裔成年人首次接受ASD诊断的时间大约比白人成年人晚2.5年.
结论:
- 拉丁裔成年人在自闭症诊断方面存在显著的延迟和代表性不足.
- 组织和文化适应是必要的,以改善拉丁裔的医疗保健服务.
- 建议包括服务翻译,有针对性的广告和具有文化能力的护理服务.
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