艾滋病毒感染者的肺结核后肺病:一个范围和叙事审查
Nicola K Wills1, Nevadna Singh, Coenraad F N Koegelenberg
1Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
Current opinion in infectious diseases
|December 26, 2025
概括
艾滋病毒 (PWH) 感染者的TB后肺病 (PTLD) 负担是可变的,需要综合护理. 需要进行研究,以了解炎症机制,并解决带有PTLD的PWH的护理缺口.
科学领域:
- 肺部病理学 肺部病理学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 是艾滋病毒 (PWH) 感染者的疾病和肺损伤的主要原因.
- 结核病后的肺病 (PTLD) 为PWH带来了独特的挑战,原因是复合因素,如呼吸道侮辱,营养不良和医疗保健接入障碍.
- 与HIV阴性个体相比,了解PWH中PTLD模式对于有效管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 进行范围审查和对PWH与HIV阴性个体中PTLD负担和模式的元分析.
- 探索HIV相关PTLD背后的机制.
- 确定新兴的预防,护理策略和研究重点,以在PWH中发现PTLD.
主要方法:
- 覆盖范围审查方法.
- 现有研究的元分析和叙事综合.
- 探索免疫机制和当前的治疗策略.
主要成果:
- 在大多数结局中,艾滋病毒感染与较低或相当的PTLD负担有关,尽管PWH的结核病发病率较高.
- 在PWH与HIV阴性个体之间对PTLD的直接比较研究是有限的.
- 涉及中性粒细胞和细胞因子的炎症途径与艾滋病毒相关的肺损伤有关,在PWH中对宿主导疗法的评估有限.
结论:
- 在PWH中,PTLD具有可变的负担,需要多学科,综合的护理.
- 在将PTLD护理整合到HIV-TB服务中存在重大差距.
- 有针对性的研究对于阐明炎症机制和改善PWH的PTLD管理策略至关重要.
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