临床表现 临床表现
Cuiling Wang1,2, Qi Gao2, Katherine H Chang3,4
1Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein School of Medicine, New York, USA, Bronx, NY, USA.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 26, 2025
概括
智能手机认知评估显示,女性的处理速度下降更快,突出了认知衰老中的潜在性别差异. 这项技术可以比传统测试更灵敏地检测早期疾病阶段.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 在认知表现和阿尔茨海默病风险方面存在性别差异,但认知衰退的速度未得到充分研究.
- 认知衰老的纵向研究因重复测试的实践效应而复杂化.
- 基于智能手机的生态瞬间评估 (EMA) 提供了密集的,现实世界的认知措施,以减轻实践的影响.
研究的目的:
- 用纵向数据调查认知衰退中的性别差异.
- 评估基于智能手机的EMA对评估认知变化的实用性.
- 为了比较老年人男性和女性之间的认知衰退率.
主要方法:
- 爱因斯坦衰老研究使用了数字符号替换测试 (DSST) 和智能手机EMA符号匹配 (SM) 6年.
- 每年进行密集的EMA SM (6次/天2周) 治疗.
- 多层线性混合效应模型分析了认知衰退的性别差异,并对实践效应和共变量进行调整.
主要成果:
- 妇女在DSST和EMA SM的基线表现更好.
- 在男性中,无论是DSST还是EMA SM,都观察到显著的处理速度下降.
- 妇女在EMA SM完成时间 (216±88 ms/年,p=0.014) 中表现出更快的下降,并从测试暴露中改善得更慢 (p=0.002).
结论:
- 基于智能手机的EMA检测到,与男性相比,女性的处理速度下降明显更快.
- 传统的测试没有显示下降率的性别差异相同.
- 数字EMA可能对认知变化更敏感,并识别认知衰老中的早期性别差异.
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