生物标志物 生物标志物
Rozelle C Kane1, Leonidas Chouliaras2, Simon Griffin1
1University of Cambridge, CAMBRIDGE, NA, United Kingdom.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 26, 2025
概括
基于血液的生物标志物 (BBM) 显示出对痴呆和认知衰退的强大预测能力. 这些模型对于早期检测和干预是有价值的,即使在不同的初级保健环境中也是如此.
科学领域:
- 神经科学和神经病学 神经科学和神经病学
- 生物标志物发现发现
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 迫切需要适用于早期疾病阶段的痴呆风险模型.
- 基于血液的生物标志物 (BBM) 是有希望的,但需要在一般人群中进行验证.
- 早期干预,临床试验准入和初级保健诊断中BBM的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 在纵向模型中系统地审查和元分析BBM的预测性能.
- 评估BBM在初级保健环境中对痴呆症预测的有用性.
- 为了评估不同环境和不同种类的人口的BBM绩效.
主要方法:
- 对32项评估BBM纵向预测性能的研究进行了系统审查和元分析 (p-tau181,p-tau217,p-tau231,Aβ,GFAP,NfL).
- 包括预先痴呆症人口报告预测性表现,使用接收器操作特征曲线 (AUROC) 下的面积.
- 对研究环境,BBM组合,基线特征和结果 (疾病转化与认知衰退) 的敏感性分析.
主要成果:
- 痴呆症转换的AUROC在记忆诊所为0.89,在社区环境中为0.85.
- 模型显示症状与无症状个体的预测性能更高 (AUROC 0.89与0.79).
- p-tau181的预测准确度很高,特别是在单标记模型 (AUROC 0.97) 和MCI转换为阿尔茨海默氏症痴呆症 (AUROC 0.91) 中.
结论:
- 纵向BBM模型在异质环境中为发生性痴呆和认知衰退提供了可靠的预测.
- 疾病的早期阶段为使用BBMs进行分层预测提供了机会.
- 在初级保健中进行进一步的大规模观察试验对于验证和优化BBM模型用于现实世界的使用至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:20Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers
749
Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
749
01:19Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers
516
Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
516