人类肠道病毒在人造和人类唾液中的持久性
Sharon C Kosgei1, Olivia N Birch1, Justin C Greaves1
1Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Indiana University-Bloomington.
PloS one
|December 26, 2025
概括
人的唾液降低了肠道病毒的稳定性,但便颗粒和口腔细菌如Streptococcus mutans可以改变腺病毒41 (AdV41) 和Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) 的持久性,影响口腔传播风险.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 肠道病毒,包括Adenovirus 41 (AdV41) 和Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3),导致显著的胃肠道感染,特别是在儿童和免疫功能低下的人群中.
- 虽然便-口腔传播很常见,但唾液作为口腔传播的潜在储存和途径的作用越来越被认可.
- 与水性环境研究相比,关于肠道病毒在人类唾液中的持久性存在有限的研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查AdV41和CVB3在人类和人造唾液中的持久性.
- 检查便颗粒和特定口腔细菌对唾液中的病毒稳定性的影响.
- 了解影响口腔病毒持久性和传播动态的复杂相互作用.
主要方法:
- 在人类和人造唾液中评估了AdV41和CVB3的持续性.
- 实验包括不同条件的便颗粒和口腔细菌Streptococcus mutans.
- 随着时间的推移,病毒标位被测量以确定稳定性和恢复率.
主要成果:
- 与人工唾液相比,人类唾液显著降低了病毒稳定性,在24-48小时内显著降低了标位.
- 便颗粒延长了CVB3的持久性,但降低了AdV41的稳定性,表明病毒特异性相互作用.
- 突变性链球菌显著增强了CVB3的稳定性,在24小时后恢复率从0.7%增加到23.2% (p=0.001).
结论:
- 人的唾液通常会降低肠道病毒的稳定性,但口腔环境因素会产生复杂的持续动态.
- 便颗粒和口腔细菌可以显著改变AdV41和CVB3在唾液中的持久性.
- 这些发现强调需要进一步研究口腔病毒的持续性,以告知公共卫生对传播的策略.
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