针对0-5岁儿童逆境影响的保护性经验:范围审查
Maribel Vega-Arce1, Gastón Núñez-Ulloa2
1Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Maule.
Boletin medico del Hospital Infantil de Mexico
|December 26, 2025
概括
早期的逆境会对儿童发展产生负面影响,但保护性的经验可以减轻其影响. 家长的参与,社区的支持和优质的学校教育加强了孩子的力量.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 早期的逆境是成人发病率和死亡率的重要风险因素.
- 学前儿童经常经历逆境,导致特别有害的结果.
- 保护性经验可以缓解早期逆境对发展的长期影响.
研究的目的:
- 探索保护性经验的经验证据,以减轻早期逆境的影响.
- 检查身体/精神健康,影响,认知,行为,社会和教育领域的17岁以下的发展结果.
- 确定5岁之前遇到逆境的儿童的保护因素.
主要方法:
- 覆盖范围审查方法.
- 在2024年6月在PubMed,Medline Complete,Scopus和Web of Science进行的搜索.
- 对9篇精选文章 (2018-2023) 的专题分析.
主要成果:
- 确定了五个保护性经验集群:父母参与/儿童福祉,父母联系/接受,社会社区环境,学校环境质量和有针对性的干预.
- 这些经历加强了孩子们克服生活挑战的资源.
- 通过培养这些保护因素,可以减轻早期逆境的影响.
结论:
- 保护性经历显著缓解了早期逆境的负面影响.
- 调查结果可以为有风险的儿童和青少年提供选择性和指示性预防策略.
- 跨家庭,教育和社区背景的多学科方法对于有效的预防至关重要.
更多相关视频
04:20Author Spotlight: Exploring Microglial Interactions with Stress-Response Circuitry Using the Limited Bedding and Nesting Model
Published on: July 12, 2024
2.4K
08:59The Other End of the Leash: An Experimental Test to Analyze How Owners Interact with Their Pet Dogs
Published on: October 13, 2017
18.1K
相关概念视频
01:28Relationship with Parents: Attachment
206
Parent-child interactions lay the foundation for how we understand relationships throughout life. These interactions are not uniform across families; instead, they are shaped by a range of environmental, emotional, and behavioral factors unique to each caregiver-child dynamic. Social psychologists study these early relationships to understand how patterns formed in infancy influence social functioning and interpersonal behavior in adulthood.Attachment Theory and Early Relational ModelsJohn...
206
01:30Socioemotional Development during Infancy
398
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
398
01:20Attachment
455
Attachment is vital for infant development, as warm social interactions support growth and well-being. In a classic 1958 study by Harry Harlow, the significance of warmth and comfort in forming attachments was examined. Harlow separated newborn monkeys from their mothers and provided two artificial "mothers": one made of cold wire and the other covered in soft cloth. Despite the wire mother offering food, the infant monkeys preferred the comfort of the cloth mother, demonstrating that...
455
01:29Relationship with Other Adult Family Members and Siblings
152
Other adult family members and siblings play a crucial role in shaping children’s social and emotional development. While parents or primary caregivers are often the central figures in early attachment and socialization, other adults in a child’s life, such as grandparents, aunts, and uncles, can significantly influence developmental outcomes. These influences depend on each adult’s personality and may help compensate when a primary caregiver is emotionally distant or...
152
03:34Theory of Romantic Attachment in Adulthood
48.6K
Attachment is a long-standing connection or bond with others. While Attachment Theory was conceived in developmental psychology to describe infant-caregiver bonding, it's been extended into adulthood to include romantic relationships.
48.6K
01:27Parenting Styles
556
Diana Baumrind's four parenting styles — authoritarian, authoritative, neglectful, and permissive — each influence children's socio-emotional development differently.
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative...
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative...
556