洪水暴露与慢性病之间的关联:中国全国一项横截面研究
Yingying Qin1, Jingyi Wu2, Chenghua Guo2
1Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; National Institute of Health Data Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
Environmental research
|December 26, 2025
概括
气候变化引起的洪水增加了慢性病 (CKD) 的风险. 这项研究发现,长期暴露在洪水中与更高的CKD几率有关,特别是在农村居民和女性等弱势群体中.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 气候变化研究 气候变化研究
背景情况:
- 气候变化在全球范围内加剧了洪水事件.
- 洪水对健康的长期影响,特别是慢性病 (CKD),尚不清楚.
- 了解这些影响对于公共卫生准备至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查长期洪水暴露与中国成年人中CKD之间的关联.
- 为了确定洪水暴露对CKD随着时间的推移的影响的持续性.
- 确定受洪水相关CKD影响不成比例的弱势群体.
主要方法:
- 利用了47204名参与者在全国代表性中国调查中的数据.
- 通过卫星检测到的住所10公里内的洪水而定义的洪水暴露.
- 采用了通用的添加模型来评估与洪水暴露相关的CKD风险 (eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2和/或白色素尿),调整为混因素.
主要成果:
- 洪水暴露显著提高了CKD的几率事件发生一年后 (OR 1.87) 和持续长达七年 (OR 1.12).
- 白蛋白尿与一年滞后的洪水暴露密切相关 (OR 2.25),而降低的eGFR显示出延迟的关联,在五年达到顶峰 (OR 2.20).
- 农村居民,低收入人士和女性在洪水后的第一年内表现出更高的脆弱性.
结论:
- 长期暴露在洪水中,对患慢性病的风险很大.
- 特定的人群,包括农村居民,低收入人士和女性,面临更高的风险.
- 对将洪水暴露与CKD联系在一起的机制进行进一步的研究是有必要的.
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