一个基于BIM的传感器融合的智能控制系统,用于使用深度演员关键强化学习 (DACRL) 进行节能室内环境监管
1College of Culture and Tourism, Fuzhou Polytechnic, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China. tonglibin@sobeysca.com.
Scientific reports
|December 26, 2025
概括
本研究介绍了一个智能建筑控制系统,使用深度强化学习和建筑信息建模 (BIM) 来实现显著的节能和改善室内环境质量 (IEQ). 与传统方法相比,该新系统可将年度能源消耗降低高达63.2%.
科学领域:
- 建筑科学与工程 建筑科学与工程
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 控制系统 控制系统
背景情况:
- 建筑行业面临着日益增长的能源需求和需要高室内环境质量 (IEQ) 的需求.
- 传统的控制方法,如基于规则的控制 (RBC) 和模型预测控制 (MPC),在适应性和模型依赖性方面存在局限性.
- 智能控制策略对于优化建筑性能至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 设计和实施一个智能室内环境控制系统,集成多传感器融合和建筑信息建模 (BIM).
- 通过使用深度融合演员关键强化学习 (DACRL) 算法,开发一个节能的动态环境控制策略.
- 评估系统在降低能源消耗和提高各种建筑类型的IEQ方面的性能.
主要方法:
- 一个四层云端端协作架构:感知,融合,决策和执行层.
- 多模式传感器网络用于分布式数据收集 (温度,湿度,二氧化碳,光线,占用).
- 使用移动窗口动态权重和扩展卡尔曼波器 (EKF) 的时空数据融合,通过隔离森林和一类SVM检测异常.
- 深度强化学习控制模型将利布-蒂林 (L-T) 不等式作为Actor-Critic算法中的光谱约束.
- 通过BMS协议对HVAC,照明和遮阳进行实时闭环控制.
主要成果:
- 与RBC相比,每单位面积的年度能源消耗减少了63.2%,与MPC相比减少了23.5%.
- 对IEQ指标的显著改善:CO2度在91.5%的时间内低于800ppm,热舒适度 (PMV) 在94.2%的时间内在±0.3范围内.
- DACRL算法在约15,000个训练步骤中表现出稳定的趋同,在跨建筑转移测试中,性能损失仅为4.9%.
结论:
- 拟议的智能控制系统有效地平衡了建筑物的能源效率和IEQ.
- 用L-T不等式光谱约束增强的DACRL算法提供了强大的和可泛化的控制性能.
- 多传感器融合,BIM和先进AI的整合为智能建筑管理提供了一个有希望的方向.
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