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基于使用机器学习的母体甲状腺状况和相关参数的儿童肥胖风险预测模型:在轻度至中度缺乏区域的母婴新生儿研究
Yaniv S Ovadia1, Natalya Bilenko2,3, Orit Mazza4,5
1Obstetrics and Gynecology Division, Barzilai University Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel. yaniv.ovadia@mail.huji.ac.il.
International journal of obesity (2005)
|December 26, 2025
概括
机器学习模型可以通过孕期的饮食和甲状腺功能等母亲因素来预测儿童肥胖风险. 这些发现可能有助于制定应对儿童肥胖率上升的干预措施.
科学领域:
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
- 儿科内分泌学 儿科内分泌学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 儿童肥胖和缺是发达国家的重大公共卫生问题,与成人健康不良结果有关.
- 怀孕期间母亲的缺乏可能会增加孕期新生儿的风险,这是儿童肥胖症的前体.
- 预测怀孕期间儿童肥胖风险仍然是一个重大的临床挑战.
研究的目的:
- 评估用于预测儿童肥胖风险的机器学习算法.
- 用母体人体测量,甲状腺功能和摄入量来确定导致儿童肥胖的关键产前因素.
- 评估来自缺乏地区的队列中预测模型的诊断准确性.
主要方法:
- 一项前性队列研究涉及191对母亲和新生儿,收集了87个参数.
- 在怀孕期间评估了母亲的状态,甲状腺功能 (包括血清FT3) 和饮食中的摄入量.
- 机器学习模型,包括人工神经网络 (Nnet),在分割数据集上使用5倍交叉验证进行训练和验证.
主要成果:
- 在未见的测试数据上,Nnet模型显示了最高的预测准确度 (准确度=0.743,加权F1=0.769).
- 儿童肥胖的主要预测因素包括怀孕,母婴人体测量 (身高,头周长),母亲摄入含丰富的食物 (鱼,酸奶) 和FT3水平.
- 该研究确定了与2岁儿童超重显著相关的特定饮食和母亲因素.
结论:
- 机器学习模型显示出基于怀孕期间的母亲和饮食因素来预测儿童肥胖风险的潜力.
- 这些预测能力可以告知有针对性的干预措施,以减轻儿童肥胖症.
- 需要进一步验证才能将这些发现应用于临床实践中的早期预防策略.
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