撒哈拉以南非洲的糖尿病视网膜病变:从系统性审查和元分析中发现的患病率和区域差异
Mohamed Farah Ismail1, Intisar Khalafalla2, Zakaria Omar Sheck2
1Department of Ophthalmology, Kampala International University Teaching Hospital, Bushenyi, Kampala, Uganda. ismail.mohamed.25465@studwc.kiu.ac.ug.
BMC ophthalmology
|December 26, 2025
概括
糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR) 影响了撒哈拉以南非洲 (SSA) 大约25.5%的糖尿病患者. 这一系统性审查强调了区域差异很大,并迫切需要查计划来打击这种主要的失明原因.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR) 是全球主要的失明原因,与糖尿病有关.
- 撒哈拉以南非洲 (SSA) 面临着快速增长的糖尿病流行病,DR影响该地区约三分之一的糖尿病患者.
- 在SSA中,DR的确切负担尚未被系统量化.
研究的目的:
- 估计撒哈拉以南非洲 (SSA) 地区糖尿病成年人糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR) 的综合流行率.
- 确定导致SSA内DR流行率变化的因素.
主要方法:
- 根据PRISMA 2020指南进行了系统审查和元分析.
- 从18个SSA国家30项观察性研究 (N=16,329) 中提取了数据.
- 随机效应的元分析估计了聚合的流行率;子组分析和元回归研究了异质性和区域差异.
主要成果:
- 在SSA中,DR的整体综合流行率为25.5% (95% CI:20.7%-31.0%),具有显著的异质性 (I2 ≈ 96%).
- 患病率因分区域而异:东非 (31.8%),南非 (29.6%),西非 (27.4%) 和中非 (13.7%).
- 发表偏差是由埃格尔的测试 (p<0.001) 建议的.
结论:
- 大约四分之一的SAS糖尿病患者患有糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR).
- 高异质性表明DR流行率在SSA之间存在显著的变化,这可能是由于诸如眼科护理服务有限和诊断迟到等因素造成的.
- 在撒哈拉以南非洲地区迫切需要系统的DR查和管理计划.
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