与奖励相关的母语语言处理在 ASD 的不同可能性的婴儿中
Eiichi Hoshino1, Masahiro Hata1, Mingdi Xu1
1Center for Design of Future Symbiosis, Global Research Institute, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8345, Japan.
Social cognitive and affective neuroscience
|December 27, 2025
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的可能性较高的婴儿与低概率的婴儿相比,对母亲的言语的脑反应减少. 这种神经差异可能是后来的语言延迟的基础,强调语音处理对语音获取的重要性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语音语言病理学 语言病理学
背景情况:
- 早期的社会沟通能力发展对于语言学习至关重要.
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 与社会沟通和语言方面的挑战有关.
- 母亲的语言在婴儿语言发展中起着至关重要的作用.
研究的目的:
- 研究母语对具有自闭症低概率 (LL) 和高概率 (EL) 的婴儿社会沟通发育的差异影响.
- 在6个月大的婴儿中,检查皮质激活和连接性,以响应母亲与陌生人的声音.
- 识别后续语言发展的神经预测因素.
主要方法:
- 纵向研究设计. 纵向研究设计.
- 功能近红外光谱 (fNIRS) 用于测量皮层反应和连接性.
- 在听母亲和陌生女性声音时,在LL和EL的婴儿中对ASD进行脑活动的比较.
主要成果:
- 在LL的婴儿表现出广泛的皮质激活和强大的连接在时和额头区域,包括声音处理,奖励和语言的区域.
- 在这些关键神经区域中,EL婴儿显示出最小的激活和较弱的连接.
- 在LL的婴儿中,表现出上旋和下旋之间,以及轨道前皮层和语言区域之间显著的连接性,这预测了随后的语言发展.
结论:
- 对母亲的声音作为奖励的神经敏感性对于语音学习至关重要.
- 在EL婴儿中,对母亲的言语神经反应的减少表明,以后语言延迟的神经基础.
- 对熟悉的声音的早期神经模式可以预测语言发展的结果.
更多相关视频
11:14A Novel Experimental and Analytical Approach to the Multimodal Neural Decoding of Intent During Social Interaction in Freely-behaving Human Infants
Published on: October 4, 2015
11.4K
06:15Using the Visual World Paradigm to Study Sentence Comprehension in Mandarin-Speaking Children with Autism
Published on: October 3, 2018
8.1K
相关概念视频
01:22Language Development
799
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
799
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
885
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
885
01:27Language and Cognition
676
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
676
01:25Learning Disabilities
541
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
541