医疗保险中的综合药物审查与2021年中枢神经系统活性多药性减少无关
Anna Hung1,2,3, Lauren E Wilson1, Juliessa M Pavon4,5,6,7
1Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
|December 27, 2025
概括
综合药物评估 (CMR) 并没有减少老年医疗保险注册人的中枢神经系统 (CNS) 活性多药性. 这项研究发现,CMR接受者与非接受者之间的药物停用率没有显著差异.
科学领域:
- 老年医学 老年医学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 中枢神经系统 (CNS) 活跃的多种药物存在重大风险,包括认知障碍和跌倒,特别是在老年人中.
- 医疗保险D部分在2021年实施了中枢神经系统活性多药作为显示措施,以监测和减轻这些风险.
- 在医疗保险D部分药物治疗管理 (MTM) 计划中注册的人面临更高的风险,并且有资格接受综合药物评估 (CMR).
研究的目的:
- 评估CMRs与中枢神经系统活性药物的停用之间的关联.
- 评估CMRs对2021年MTM注册者中中枢神经系统活性多药物的减少的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项使用治疗权重的逆概率的观察性研究.
- 分析5%的医疗保险服务费索赔和2021年起的入学数据.
- 在CMR接受者和非接受者之间,至少一种中枢神经系统活性药物的停用时间的比较.
主要成果:
- 在2702名符合条件的MTM入学者中,35.9%获得了CMR.
- 与非接受者相比,CMR接受者在一年内停止至少一种中枢神经系统活性药物的比例相似 (11.5%对13.2%).
- 权重分析显示,两组之间停药概率没有显著差异 (HR=1.03,95% CI=0.94-1.12).
结论:
- 在医疗保险D部分显示措施实施的第一年,CMRs与中枢神经系统活性多药在老年人中的减少无关.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索这种缺乏关联的原因及其随着时间的推移而持续的原因.
相关概念视频
Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients
206
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
206
Drug Therapy
229
The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
Antianxiety Medications
229
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age
174
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
174
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism
178
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
178
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption
205
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
205
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution
209
Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
209


