肠微生物群对赫里福德肉牛的料效率和甲特征的预测能力和调解效应
P Peraza1, G Martinez-Boggio2, H Naya3
1Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Las Brujas, Canelones 90100, Uruguay.
Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience
|December 28, 2025
概括
宿主遗传学和乳头微生物组都会影响牛的料效率和甲排放. 整合基因组和微生物组数据显示了选择性育种的潜力,特别是对体重的选择性育种,提供了新的生物学见解.
科学领域:
- 动物基因组学 动物基因组学
- 微生物组研究 微生物组研究
- 量化遗传学 量化遗传学
背景情况:
- 动物基因组影响动物的微生物组成,影响料效率和甲排放.
- 整合omics数据用于表型预测和牛的选择性育种是一个正在进行的研究领域.
研究的目的:
- 估计剩余料摄入量 (RFI),干物摄入量 (DMI),体重 (BW) 和甲产量 (MY) 的遗传性和微生物性.
- 评估结合宿主基因组和微生物组数据的模型的预测能力.
- 评估 rumen microbiome 在料效率和性能特征中的调解作用.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自537只具有表型记录 (RFI,DMI,BW) 的赫雷福德公牛和公牛的数据,以及具有甲产量 (MY) 记录的子集.
- 用100k个SNP面板对动物进行基因型测定,并通过酶限制减少表示序列 (ER-RRS) 分析肠微生物丰度.
- 采用结构方程模型来分析遗传和微生物群对特征的影响.
主要成果:
- 遗传性估计在0.18 (RFI) 到0.36 (BW) 之间;微生物活性值中等 (0.16-0.32).
- 综合基因组和微生物组数据改善了BW (r=0.48-0.52) 的预测能力,但不是RFI,DMI或MY.
- 鉴定了具有潜在调解效果的特定微生物ASV,这表明在选择性繁殖中比肉牛的表型预测更有用.
结论:
- 宿主遗传学和肠微生物组都对牛的特征变异有显著的贡献.
- 基因组和微生物组数据集成为某些特征提供了改进的预测能力,并对生物机制的洞察力.
- 这些发现支持使用微生物组数据用于肉牛的选择性育种策略,并有可能进一步探索环境共变性.
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