微塑料的时空动态和流动在甘河-布拉马普特拉-梅格纳河的下游系统和河口
Md Jaker Hossain1, Sheikh Aftab Uddin2, Lijun He3
1State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Department of Oceanography, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh.
Journal of contaminant hydrology
|December 28, 2025
概括
恒河 - 布拉姆普特拉 - 梅格纳 (GBM) 河流系统中的微塑料 (MP) 污染显示了全年高污染水平. 该研究量化了大量的MP流向孟加拉湾的数据,强调了迫切的生态风险和缓解的必要性.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 河流生态 河流生态
背景情况:
- 河流是陆地塑料垃圾进入海洋生态系统的主要通道.
- 在全球范围内,关于来自大型河流系统的微塑料 (MP) 流量存在有限的定量数据.
- 甘河-布拉姆普特拉-梅格纳 (GBM) 河流系统是海洋塑料污染的重要贡献者.
研究的目的:
- 调查GBM河流系统和河口中微塑料 (MP) 丰度和特征的空间和季节性变化.
- 量化每天从GBM河流系统到孟加拉湾 (BoB) 的MP流量.
- 评估研究区域中与MP污染相关的生态风险.
主要方法:
- 在干旱和雨季期间,在GBM河流系统和河口进行现场采样.
- 实验室分析以确定MP的丰度,大小,形状和聚合物组成.
- 计算MP流速和生态风险指数 (例如CF,PLI,HI,RI).
主要成果:
- MP的丰度在1.53-18.13个项目/L (干季) 和2.67-7.67个项目/L (潮季) 之间,没有显著的季节性差异.
- 纤维是占主导地位的形状,蓝色是占主导地位的颜色,0.02-0.5毫米尺寸类别是最普遍的.
- 每日MP流向BoB的估计在旱季为9.42 × 10^12项目/天 (1.17/天),在雨季为33.95 × 10^12项目/天 (10.78/天).
- 在整个GBM系统中观察到高水平的污染和生态风险,高峰在河,梅赫纳河和GBM河交汇处.
结论:
- GBM河流系统为孟加拉湾贡献了大量的MP,超过了其他主要河流报告的流量.
- 在GBM系统中MP污染带来了重大的生态风险,需要有针对性的缓解努力.
- 关于MP时空模式的定量数据对于验证全球模型和告知政策至关重要.
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