从煤中出潜在有毒元素的出机制:热力学,动力学和体效应
Siqi Xu1, Yufei Yang2, Weishi Li2
1State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100085, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; National Joint Research Center for Ecological Conservation and High Quality Development of the Yellow River Basin 100012, China.
煤 (CG) 含有有毒元素,这些元素会入环境中. 这项研究揭示了pH控制元素释放和合物放大迁移,这对于管理采矿污染至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 地质化学 地质化学
- 采矿工程 采矿工程 采矿工程
背景情况:
- 煤矿开采产生大量的煤 (CG),导致表面积累.
- 沉导致CG中的潜在有毒元素 (PTEs) 泄露,造成环境风险.
- 来自CG的PTE的迁移和影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究控制CG中PTE释放的热力学,动力学和体过程.
- 确定黄河流域CG中关键的PTE及其环境风险.
- 提供关于CG库存污染控制和风险评估的证据.
主要方法:
- 从中国黄河盆地收集了代表性的CG样本.
- 进行了PTE释放的热力学和动力学分析.
- 利用地化学建模,TEM-EDS和TOF-SIMS来分析PTE物种化和体相互作用.
主要成果:
- pH 是控制 PTE 度的主导因素,释放由依赖 pH 的热力学溶解控制.
- PTE释放动力学有所变化:对As,Cu,Mn,Pb,Sb,Tl的抛物线模型;对Zn的第二阶;对Co,Ni,Se的埃洛维奇.
- 6.2-33.4%的PTE与合体结合,其中Al-Si合体吸附并放大PTE迁移 (Co,Ni,Pb,Tl,Zn).
结论:
- 在CG中被确定为As,Co,Cu,Mn,Ni,Pb,Sb,Se,Tl和Zn作为主要的环境风险元素.
- 漏过程中最大的PTE度明显超过了国家标准 (1.1-46.6倍).
- 这些发现对于CG开发有效的污染控制和环境风险评估策略至关重要.
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