语言的诞生在巴西的背地带
Anderson Almeida-Silva1, Remo Nitschke2,3, Fernando Valls Yoshida4
1Department of Linguistics, Federal University of Pernambuco.
Cognitive science
|December 28, 2025
概括
一种新的巴西手语,Cena,在没有外部语言输入的情况下开发,挑战了关键时期的语言获取假设. 这种新兴语言支持语言发展的交互和本土主义模型.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 人类学是人类学.
背景情况:
- 临界期假设表明,语言学习需要在青春期之前接触到完全发达的语言.
- 新兴的手语为语言形成和获取过程提供了独特的见解.
- 以前的研究通常假定语言发展需要外部语言输入.
研究的目的:
- 研究巴西新兴的手语Cena的形成和特征.
- 挑战外语输入对于第一语言学习的必要性.
- 探索互动和原生主义模型在语言出现中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在巴西Piauí州的一个偏远小镇进行实地研究.
- 对Cena的语言分析,一种新兴的手语.
- 与现有的语言学习模型进行比较.
主要成果:
- 塞纳在三代人的时间里发展成为一种功能完善的手语,没有已知的外部语言输入.
- 语言是从家庭中出现的,这表明语言系统在隔离中出现的途径.
- 塞纳的发展支持了强调照顾者-儿童互动和先天的语言结构的理论.
结论:
- 获得第一语言可能不需要接触先前存在的,完全发达的语言.
- 像Cena这样的新兴手语为理解语言起源提供了至关重要的证据.
- 交互和原生主义的观点对于解释人类语言的发展至关重要.
更多相关视频
09:09Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
Published on: September 27, 2024
774
05:35Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization
Published on: April 19, 2017
7.0K
相关概念视频
Language Development
801
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
801
Language
855
Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
855
Components of Language
715
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
715
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language
3.3K
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
3.3K
Language and Cognition
681
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
681
The Nativist Approach
348
The nativist approach to infant cognitive development proposes that infants are born with inherent knowledge structures that allow them to interpret the world almost immediately. This perspective contrasts with earlier developmental theories, such as those proposed by Jean Piaget, which emphasized a more gradual acquisition of cognitive abilities through interaction with the environment. One key concept in this approach is object permanence — the understanding that objects continue to...
348
