关于空气污染相关因素问卷和慢性呼吸道疾病之间的相关性:上海市明杭区的案例研究

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Qingqing Liu^1,2, Xiaohua Zhang^1,2, Liang Li^1,2

¹Department of General Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

BMC public health

|December 28, 2025

概括

空气污染显著影响呼吸系统健康,增加慢性呼吸系统疾病 (CRD) 和慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 风险. 提高公众对空气污染的认识.

科学领域:

环境健康环境健康
呼吸系统医学呼吸系统医学
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

空气污染对呼吸系统健康构成重大威胁.
慢性呼吸道疾病 (CRD),包括慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD),是普遍存在的健康问题.
了解空气质量和呼吸道疾病之间的联系对于公共卫生干预至关重要.

研究的目的:

调查空气污染因素与CRD之间的关系.
分析空气污染和COPD患病率之间的关联.
评估居民对空气污染对健康的影响的认识.

主要方法:

在上海市明杭区进行了一项横截面研究.
调查问卷收集了有关个人信息,空气污染暴露和居民意识的数据.
统计分析包括描述性统计,奇平方测试,后勤回归和ROC曲线分析.

主要成果:

该研究包括3136名受访者,CRD的患病率为24.6%,COPD为12.1%.
职业暴露于尘埃/烟雾,室内燃料 (柴火/煤炭),经常在家做饭,以及靠近污染源与CRD有关.
空气污染因素改善了COPD患病率预测 (AUC=0.821);CRD患者的空气污染意识较低.

结论:

与空气污染相关的因素与CRD的患病率有很大关系.
将空气污染因素纳入COPD查问卷可以提高准确性.
较低的公众对空气污染的认识与较高的CRD患病率相关.

关键词:

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