精神疾病患者的精神能力和预先指示:来自印度的描述性横截面研究
Rajshekhar Bipeta1, Madhur M Rathi2, Umashankar Molanguri1
1Institute of Mental Health, Dept. of Psychiatry, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Indian journal of psychological medicine
|December 29, 2025
概括
大多数患有精神疾病的印度人拥有治疗决策的心理能力,并且可以提供预先指示. 心理能力与洞察力有关,强调了评估患者护理的重要性.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 心理健康法 心理健康法
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 心理能力 (MC) 对于患有精神疾病的人 (PWMI) 来说至关重要,以便他们做出明智的治疗选择.
- 预先指示 (AD) 允许PWMI说明未来的护理偏好,并任命一名指定的代表 (NR).
- 了解印度PWMI中的MC和AD对于道德和有效的心理健康护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估患有精神疾病的印度人的心理能力,以做出治疗决策,包括入院.
- 分析这些人提供的预先指示.
- 探索心理能力,预先指示和洞察力之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项描述性,探索性,横截面研究,对74个PWMI进行了研究.
- 评估包括临床全球印象-严重性 (CGI-S) 尺度,能力评估工具,班加罗尔高级指令面试 (BADI) 和洞察力和治疗态度问卷 (ITAQ).
主要成果:
- 显著的大多数 (89.18%) PWMI 患者表现出对治疗决策的心理能力.
- 心理能力与性别和洞察力有显著的关联 (p < .05).
- 在阿尔茨海默病患者中,首选的治疗方法包括门诊护理 (55.38%) 和精神病医生的管理 (78.38%),父母最常被选为NR (55.4%).
结论:
- 大多数印度PWMI拥有心理能力,并提供预先指令,洞察力是关键的关联.
- 在临床实践中,建议对PWMI进行常规的心理能力评估和记录以及预先指示.
- 这项研究强调了尊重患者在精神卫生保健决策中的自主权的重要性.
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