多次获得金球奖提名的足球运动员在童年和青春期的训练和发展过程
Espen Tønnessen1, Silvana Bucher Sandbakk2, Sigmund Apold-Aasen1
1School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University of Applied Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
Frontiers in sports and active living
|December 29, 2025
概括
这项案例研究显示,精英青年足球运动员从结构化技能演练和非结构化比赛的混合中受益,强调个性化的挑战和强大的支持系统. 高额的年度培训量,结合有组织和无组织的实践,对于培养世界级人才至关重要.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 人才发展 人才发展
- 青少年足球训练 青少年足球训练
背景情况:
- 关于训练精英青年足球运动员的信息有限且矛盾.
- 了解世界级运动员的发展途径对于优化人才识别和培养至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 追溯调查世界级足球运动员从童年到青春期的训练和发展过程.
- 提供对促进青少年足球精英表现的因素的见解.
主要方法:
- 采用内在的案例研究设计,以获取定量和定性数据.
- 采用了四个阶段的数据收集:培训日志,半结构面试,后续面试和通过三角测量进行质量保证.
- 参与球员的父亲 (也是主教练) 和球员在数据验证过程中.
主要成果:
- 球员每年训练1000-1300小时,不组织的训练最初占主导地位.
- 通过有针对性的演练来培养基本的技术技能,并在类似游戏的场景和比赛中得到加强.
- 关键因素包括多维运动天赋,激情,学习心态,与老年同龄人进行培训,父母的支持和优质设施.
结论:
- 调查结果为优化长期球员发展和表现提供了基础.
- 高培训量是针对精英发展的,不能一般化到普通的年轻球员.
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