减少对被监禁人口的耻辱:对干预研究的系统审查
Tazeen Majeed1, Jo Taylor1, David Stuckler2
1School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
BMJ public health
|December 29, 2025
概括
反污名化干预措施有效地减少了对有过监禁经验的人 (PLEIC) 的污名化和歧视,特别是通过粉碎神话. 需要进一步的研究来改善行为结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
背景情况:
- 对有监禁经历的人 (PLEIC) 的耻辱和歧视构成了重大公共卫生挑战.
- 有效的干预对于减轻对PLEIC知识,态度和行为的负面影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估旨在减少对PLEIC的耻辱和歧视的干预措施的有效性.
- 评估关键活性成分 (KAI) 在影响与耻辱相关结果变化的作用.
主要方法:
- 从2010年到现在,以英语出版的基于干预的研究进行了系统审查.
- 通过广泛的数据库搜索 (MEDLINE,Emcare,EMBASE,PsycINFO,HeinOnline,Sociology Source Ultimate,Web of Science) 来确定了这些研究.
- 关键活性成分 (KAI) 模型被调整,并开发了一个活性成分评分 (AIS);质量评估使用了Cochrane风险偏差和JBI元分析工具.
主要成果:
- 包括16项涉及8815名参与者的研究;没有从低收入/中等收入国家的研究被确定.
- 干预对PLEIC的知识 (11/12研究) 和态度 (10/12研究) 有积极的影响,但行为变化不那么一致 (2/8研究).
- "粉碎神话"是唯一与改善知识和态度有显著相关的KAI;在线和面对面的干预措施显示出同等的有效性.
结论:
- 反污名化干预措施在改善有关PLEIC的知识和态度方面表现出很高的有效性.
- "粉碎神话"是提高这些结果的关键组成部分.
- 需要进一步的研究来解决行为变化,特别是涉及妇女和青少年,并延长研究后续持续时间.
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