过敏性鼻炎中的肠肺轴:微生物失生症和治疗策略
WeiKeng Yang1, Hui Wu2, Xiuyun Li3
1The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen & Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Frontiers in microbiology
|December 29, 2025
概括
由减少酸盐和改变的肠道细菌标志着肠道失生症,与过敏性鼻炎 (AR) 有关. 微生物群干预措施对AR预防和管理有希望,特别是在儿童中.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 过敏性鼻炎 (AR) 影响全球10%-30%,造成严重的健康负担.
- 肠道微生物群的失衡可能会通过肠肺轴扰乱免疫调节,导致AR.
- 目前的临床应用落后于对AR的肠肺轴的研究见解.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查AR中的肠道微生物群的免疫机制.
- 评估针对AR的微生物群向干预措施.
- 综合从临床,动物和多omics研究的发现.
主要方法:
- 从主要数据库 (PubMed,科学网等) 中对研究 (2010-2025) 的系统审查. ) 的情况.
- 包括临床研究,动物实验和多omics分析.
- 专注于免疫路径和与肠道微生物群和AR相关的治疗干预措施.
主要成果:
- 抗胰岛素患者表现出便丁酸盐降低和IgE升高,与肠道失生症有关 (例如,改变了Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes比率).
- 肠道失生症激活了基碳化合物受体 (AhR) 途径,并损害了调节性T细胞功能.
- 便微生物群移植 (FMT) 和益生菌 (例如,Clostridium butyricum) 在临床前和人体研究中显示出潜在的益处,降低IgE和IL-13水平.
结论:
- 肠道功能失调会破坏免疫代谢途径,导致AR的发展.
- 针对微生物群的干预措施为AR预防和管理提供了有希望的策略,特别是在儿科患者群体中.
- 包括饮食和减少空气污染在内的综合公共卫生战略对于长期的AR影响至关重要.
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