PARP 和 PARP 抑制剂:分子机制和临床应用
Fei Wang1, Zhuyi Guo2, Michael J Carr3,4
1Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Molecular biomedicine
|December 29, 2025
概括
多 (ADP-ribose) 聚合酶 (PARP) 是DNA修复和细胞信号传递中的关键酶. PARP 抑制剂 (PARPi) 在癌症和其他疾病中表现有前途,但耐药性和副作用需要新的治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 生物化学和分子生物学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 多 (ADP-ribose) 聚合酶 (PARP) 是关键的酶,参与DNA修复,基因组稳定性和细胞应激反应.
- 失调的PARP活性与瘤发生,免疫逃避和治疗抵抗有关.
- PARP 抑制剂 (PARPi) 在临床上用于各种癌症,利用同类重组缺陷瘤的合成致死性.
研究的目的:
- 审查PARP在细胞过程和疾病发病过程中的多样性作用.
- 总结PARP抑制剂 (PARPi) 在瘤学之外的临床应用和临床前潜力.
- 讨论与PARPi耐药性和不良事件相关的挑战,并探索下一代治疗方法的战略.
主要方法:
- 关于PARP酶学,抑制剂和治疗应用的研究文献综述.
- 对PARPi疗效,耐药性机制和不良影响的临床前和临床数据的分析.
- 探索新兴策略,包括下一代抑制剂,PROTACs,组合疗法和生物标志物.
主要成果:
- PARP调节基本的细胞过程,它们的失调有助于各种疾病.
- PARPi在多种癌症中表现出有效性,并显示出治疗病毒感染,神经退行性,心血管,纤维和代谢疾病的潜力.
- 对PARPi的耐药性可以通过各种机制出现,并且不良事件可以限制它们的使用.
结论:
- PARP是关键的调节者,其作用延伸到宿主病毒相互作用,PARPi在广泛的人类疾病中提供了多功能治疗潜力.
- 克服PARPi耐药性和减轻不良事件对于扩大它们的治疗效用至关重要.
- 未来的方向包括开发异型选择性抑制剂,PROTAC降解剂,组合疗法和基于生物标志物的个性化治疗方法.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Targeted Cancer Therapies
8.6K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
8.6K
Long-patch Base Excision Repair
7.8K
Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:
7.8K
Inhibition of Cdk Activity
5.5K
The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
5.5K
Protein Kinases and Phosphatases
14.8K
Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
14.8K
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways
7.1K
Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
7.1K
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
8.1K
Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
8.1K


