结核病治疗中的药物不良反应:印度的一项以患者为中心的混合方法研究中的发生率,持续时间和解决途径
Ridhima Sodhi1, Tunisha Kapoor1, Vindhya Vatsyayan1
1William J Clinton Foundation, New Delhi, India.
PLOS global public health
|December 29, 2025
概括
药物不良反应 (ADRs) 显著影响结核病治疗的坚持和结果. 一个新的主动-被动ADR分类和风险分析可以指导以患者为中心的管理策略,以更好地消除结核病.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 药物监督 药物监督 药物监督
- 结核病研究 结核病研究
背景情况:
- 药物不良反应 (ADR) 是结核病 (TB) 治疗的一个重大挑战,影响了结核病的坚持,发病率和死亡率.
- 关于不同患者群体中ADR发生率,持续时间和管理的证据有限.
研究的目的:
- 解决了解结核病患者的副作用的差距.
- 开发一种新的分类法来分类ADRs.
- 确定与ADR和治疗结果相关的风险因素和患者个人资料.
主要方法:
- 一项混合方法研究,将民族学观察和采访 (n=40) 与印度结核病患者的定量调查 (n=2,124) 结合起来.
- 开发一个主动-被动的ADR分类学.
- 对ADR发生率,持续时间和与治疗结果相关性的统计分析.
主要成果:
- 86%的结核病患者报告至少一次不良反应,平均3.1次不良反应.
- 确定了一种新的主动-被动ADR分类法,区分急性和持续性疾病.
- 女性和年轻患者报告了更多的不良反应,特别是皮肤不良反应和吐;吐预测不成功完成治疗.
- 老年患者经历了更多的胃肠道和肌肉骨的不良反应.
- 较高的ADR负担与不良治疗结果相关.
结论:
- 积极-被动的ADR分类和风险分析为差异化,以患者为中心的管理提供了一个框架.
- 建议将结构化,基于风险的患者咨询纳入国家结核病协议.
- 在高负担的结核病环境中,结构化的ADR管理是紧急和可行的.
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