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在年龄组游泳者中,前爬和蝶冲刺表现的性别差异
Radomyos Matjiur1, Phornpot Chainok1, Jessy Lauer2,3
1Faculty of Sport Science, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand.
PloS one
|December 29, 2025
概括
男孩在冲刺游泳中表现优于女孩,这是由于身体上部力量和无氧能力的优势. 关键预测指标包括前部爬行的向上推力和身体高度,蝶的向上推力和中风指数.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 人体生理学 人体生理学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 年龄组运动员的冲刺游泳表现受到生理和生物力学因素的复杂相互作用的影响.
- 了解游泳表现的性别相关差异对于制定有针对性的训练计划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定影响50米冲刺表现的关键变量在前爬和蝶冲击中.
- 确定这些游泳技巧中基于性别的表现差异的主要预测因素.
主要方法:
- 评估了30名国家级年龄组游泳者 (15名男生,15名女生).
- 评估包括人体测量,成熟,神经肌肉性能,无氧临界速度,绑定游泳力和中风力学.
主要成果:
- 与女孩相比,男孩的身体上部力输出和厌氧临界速度 (AnCV) 显着更高.
- 前部爬行绑定游泳力 (47%) 和蝶下肢神经肌肉性能 (29%) 解释了最多的差异.
- 在前部爬行中,Push-up峰值力和身体高度是关键的区分因素;在蝶中,Push-up力和中风指数.
结论:
- 上肢神经肌肉性能和中风效率有效地预测了冲刺游泳中的基于性别的差异.
- 这些发现为年轻游泳者的性别和技术特定训练策略提供了框架.
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