空间思维的神经认知相关物调解社会经济地位和STEM成就之间的关系
Jazelle Pilato1, Robert Cortes2, Emily Grossnickle Peterson3
1American University, Washington, DC, USA. jazellepilato@pitt.edu.
Scientific reports
|December 29, 2025
概括
空间思维技能有助于解释来自不同社会经济背景的学生在科学,技术,工程和数学 (STEM) 方面的成就差距. 提高空间能力可以支持STEM在整个社会经济领域取得成功.
科学领域:
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 教育心理学教育心理学
背景情况:
- 社会经济地位 (SES) 在STEM成就中的差异是一个重要的教育问题.
- 众所周知,空间技能会影响STEM学习,但它们在解释SES相关成就差距方面的作用尚未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查空间思维是否调解社会经济地位 (SES) 和STEM成就之间的关系.
- 检查高中学生中这种关系的认知和神经相关性.
主要方法:
- 在高中学生中评估SES (家长教育,家庭收入),空间能力和STEM成就 (N=303).
- 在空间任务中利用功能神经成像 (N=44) 来分析神经活动.
- 用员工调解分析来测试空间能力和神经激活的作用.
主要成果:
- 在SES和空间能力之间发现了显著的积极关系.
- 空间能力部分调解了SES和STEM成就之间的关联.
- 在空间任务中,SES与前运动皮层激活的增加相关,这也介导了SES-STEM成就链接.
结论:
- 空间技能是理解和潜在地减轻STEM成就中社会经济差异的关键因素.
- 针对空间技能发展可能是一个有效的策略,以提高来自较低社会经济背景的学生的STEM成果.
- 涉及前运动皮层的神经机制与SES,空间处理和STEM成就之间的关系有关.
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