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从工业废水中去除重金属使用甲废弃物衍生活性炭

Hadiza Ado Suleiman¹, Marlia Mohd Hanafiah^2,3, Rab Nawaz⁴

¹Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi UKM, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia.

Scientific reports

|December 30, 2025

概括

来自子的活性炭有效地从水中去除重金属. 优化显著提高了其在废水中的性能,实现了超过95%的清除,并证明了可重复使用性.

科学领域:

环境化学环境化学
材料科学材料科学材料科学

背景情况:

工业废水中的重金属 (HM) 污染对环境和健康构成重大风险.
开发具有成本效益和高效的吸附剂来去除HM对于环境修复至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了研究氧化 (KOH) 改性活性炭 (AC) 的有效性,该活性炭来自废弃的 *Cocos nucifera *贝,用于去除重金属.
用响应表面方法优化实际制厂废水中的重金属吸附过程.
为了评估吸附机制,热力学特性和KOH修饰AC的可重复使用性.

主要方法:

活性炭是从 *Cocos nucifera * 贝中合成的,并用 KOH 进行修改.
对AC的表征包括表面积分析和功能组识别.
在水溶液和制废水中对重金属 (Cd,Pb,Mn,Ni,Cu) 进行了批量吸附实验.
使用响应表面方法来优化反应参数 (接触时间,HM度,pH,AC剂量,温度).
进行了吸附异温,动力学和热力学研究.

主要成果:

经KOH修饰的AC表现出一个有孔的结构,表面积为53.442 m2/g,并且含有丰富的碳酸基.
在水溶液中,AC显示了Cd,Pb,Mn,Ni和Cu的高清除效率 (>80%).
实际制厂废水中的初始清除效率为<50%,但在优化后显著提高.
在优化条件下 (18.10分钟,59.72毫克/升,pH9.10,0.74克,32.76°C) 实现了>95%的HM去除.
吸附数据表明一种化学吸附机制,并且该材料在与HCl再生后显示出出色的可重复使用性.

结论:

从 *Cocos nucifera* 中得到的 KOH 修饰的 AC 是从水溶液和工业废水中去除重金属的有希望的吸附剂.
使用响应表面方法的优化对于在复杂的矩阵中提高吸附剂性能至关重要,例如制废水.
吸附剂的再生和重复使用能力突显了其在可持续环境应用中的潜力.

关键词:

花的废弃物花的废弃物酸性处理是一种酸性处理.活性炭是一种活性炭.吸附性能吸附性能吸附性能动力学是热热体.优化优化优化优化再生再生再生的过程热力学是一种热力学.

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