对于阿尔茨海默病的深度学习:分类,细分,亚型和可解释性的进展.
Mohammed Rizwan Shaikh1, Andrew Jeyabose2,3, R Vijaya Arjunan4
1Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Biomedical engineering online
|December 30, 2025
概括
深度学习 (DL) 通过分析各种生物标志物,为阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 检测和预后提供先进的工具. 本综述概述了DL方法,并讨论了它们对改善患者护理的临床转化.
科学领域:
- 神经成像和计算神经科学
- 医学中的人工智能
- 发现神经退行性疾病的生物标志物.
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的诊断和预后仍然具有挑战性,需要先进的分析工具.
- 深度学习 (DL) 在识别AD的微妙成像和非成像生物标志物方面表现有前途.
- 将DL进步转化为临床实践需要一个结构化的框架.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前用于阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 分析的深度学习 (DL) 方法.
- 在AD检测,预测和亚型中对DL架构和应用进行分类.
- 通过检查可解释的AI和验证策略来解决临床翻译差距.
主要方法:
- 对输入方式 (MRI,PET,遗传学,认知测试) 和公共数据队列的调查.
- DL架构的分类:分类,多式联接和细分.
- 检查子类型算法 (集群,决策树) 和可解释的AI (XAI) 方法.
主要成果:
- DL架构有效地执行AD诊断,整合多式联络生物标志物,并划分大脑结构.
- 亚型算法揭示了潜在的AD表型,增强了个性化医学方法.
- 可解释的AI方法对于在临床环境中部署透明和可信的DL模型至关重要.
结论:
- 综合多种DL方法的综合框架对于临床AD管理至关重要.
- 解决数据异质性,可解释性和隐私是强大的DL工具开发的关键.
- 跨学科的合作和技术创新对于阿尔茨海默病护理中的可扩展DL解决方案至关重要.
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