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哪个年龄是重要的? 在青少年适应以学校为基础的体育活动干预的时间和生物年龄的比较 (弗洛茨瓦夫PEER-HEART研究)

Jarosław Domaradzki¹, Marek Popowczak¹, Katarzyna Kochan-Jacheć¹

¹Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)

|December 30, 2025

概括

年代年龄,而不是生物成熟度,更好地预测来自高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 的青少年健康改善. 这表明日历年龄在学校环境中对体力活动适应的影响更大.

科学领域:

运动生理学运动生理学
青少年健康青少年健康
运动科学运动科学运动科学

背景情况:

学校年龄内的相对年龄差异可能会影响青少年对体力活动的反应.
生物成熟度 (成熟度偏移,MO) 被提出为适应的比时间年龄 (CA) 更好的指标,但学校干预的证据很少.

研究的目的:

为了比较时间年龄 (CA) 和成熟度偏移 (MO) 对与健康相关的适应对八周高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 计划的预测能力.
在学校体育课程的背景下调查这些预测因素.

主要方法:

256名青少年 (112名男生,144名女生) 接受了为期八周的HIIT计划,与体育教育相结合.
测量健康结果:最大氧气摄入量 (VO2max),体脂百分比 (BFP),静缩血压 (SBP) 和腹缩血压 (DBP).
使用摩尔法估计的成熟度偏移 (MO);统计分析包括MANOVA/ANOVA,回归和支配分析,按性别分层.

主要成果:

年代年龄 (CA) 解释了结果 (BFP,VO2max) 的变异性比MO更大,特别是在女孩身上.
显著的CA × MO相互作用预测了男孩的SBP,显示了相互依赖.
主导分析证实CA是大多数与健康相关的结果中占主导地位的预测因素.

结论:

年代年龄是适应学校HIIT的更强的预测因素,而不是青少年的生物成熟度.
CA可能更好地反映累积的行为和环境影响对身体活动适应.
研究结果强调,需要针对年龄的敏感和个性化的体育教育干预措施,以优化青少年的健康.

关键词:

在VO2max的过程中,青少年青少年青少年生物成熟度生物成熟度血压血压血压血压身体脂肪的百分比.年代年代年代年代年代年代年代年代年代年代高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 是指高强度间歇训练.期限抵消的抵消是因为到期.基于学校的干预措施

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