墨西哥6-12岁儿童的折射错误和视:临床流行和视觉影响
Abraham García-Gil1, Israel Gómez-Torales2, Kalahary Patricia García-Nahara2
1Innovation and Research Department, Salud Digna, Culiacan 80184, Mexico.
Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 30, 2025
概括
折射误差和眼盲是墨西哥儿童视力障碍的主要原因. 这项研究发现近视和的高率,强调了早期查和干预计划的必要性.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,折射误差 (RE) 和眼盲是导致儿童视力障碍的主要原因.
- 墨西哥关于这些疾病的国家数据有限.
- 了解患病率对于有针对性的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计6至12岁墨西哥儿童中折射误差 (RE),折射眼 (RA) 和相关视力障碍 (VI) 的患病率.
- 确定这些条件的人口和地理模式.
- 为墨西哥儿童视力护理的公共卫生策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自全国的Salud Digna诊所的784,372次非循环眼科眼科检查 (2021-2025年).
- 根据既定标准对RE (近视,高视,眼) 和RA进行分类.
- 根据世卫组织指导方针对VI类别的评估.
主要成果:
- 近视 (43.86%) 和 (38.41%) 是最常见的RE.
- 折射性眼盲影响了4.94%的儿童,主要是由于性异质眼盲 (72.19%).
- 在男性中观察到较高的RE和RA患病率,具有显著的地理差异.
结论:
- 折射误差和折射眼对墨西哥的学龄儿童来说是重大的公共卫生挑战.
- 由于未经纠正的RE和RA的高流行率,需要在全国范围内进行基于学校的查.
- 早期干预策略对于防止长期视觉和发育后果至关重要.
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