婴儿养习惯与幼儿牙之间的关联:一项临床和流行病学研究
Krisztina Martha1, Orsolya Kovács1, Csaba Dudás1
1Faculty of Dental Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mures, 38 Gh. Marinescu Str., 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania.
较长的母乳养时间和化牙膏的使用显著降低了早期儿童牙 (ECC) 的风险. 配方养与较高的虫率有关,这突显了婴儿养实践对口腔健康的重要性.
科学领域:
- 儿科牙科 儿科牙科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 口腔卫生流行病学 口腔卫生流行病学
背景情况:
- 幼儿 (ECC) 是在学龄前儿童中普遍存在的全球健康问题.
- 婴儿养实践是口腔微生物殖民和虫病发展的关键决定因素.
- 了解养方法与ECC之间的联系对于预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究母乳养,人工养和3-5岁儿童ECC发病率之间的关联.
- 确定影响牙风险的关键婴儿养做法.
- 评估母乳养时间和化物牙膏使用的保护作用.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及103名年龄在3-5岁的儿童的横截面研究.
- 通过结构化家长问卷和临床口腔检查 (dmft指数) 收集数据.
- 统计分析包括克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯,曼-惠特尼U,奇平方测试,斯皮尔曼相关性和二进制后勤回归.
主要成果:
- 纯配方奶粉养的儿童表现出最高的平均dmft指数 (4.2 ± 3.78),其次是混合养 (2.97 ± 3.19) 和母乳养的儿童 (1.75 ± 2.99).
- 在养组之间观察到dmft得分的显著差异 (p=0.005).
- 较长的母乳养时间 (OR=0.889) 和使用化物牙膏 (OR=0.323) 被确定为预防牙损伤的重要保护因素.
结论:
- 延长母乳养时间和持续使用化物牙膏与减少ECC风险有关.
- 配方养实践与较高的dmft分数相关,强调其在脏病发展中的作用.
- 促进母乳养和教育父母口腔卫生对于减轻ECC患病率至关重要.
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