癌症治疗药物查方面的进展和挑战:综合性审查
Shohei Motohashi1, Eriko Katsuta1, Daisuke Ban1
1Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 30, 2025
概括
癌症药物查正在向人类相关的平台发展. 本综述比较了器官和外移植等临床前模型,突出了它们的优势和局限性,用于精确瘤学.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 翻译医学是一种翻译医学.
- 药物发现 药物发现 药物发现
背景情况:
- 传统的癌症药物查试验 (二维单层,动物模型) 具有有限的翻译保真度.
- 在瘤学中,越来越需要与人类相关的,数据集成的临床前平台.
- 进展正在转向更具预测性的癌症治疗模型.
研究的目的:
- 综合和比较临床前癌症药物查策略.
- 通过使用统一的框架 (原则,优势,局限性,临床应用) 来评估传统和先进的模型.
- 为准确瘤学中选择适当的查方式提供指导.
主要方法:
- 传统测试的审查和评估 (2D单层,动物模型).
- 评估先进的临床前系统:患者衍生器官 (PDOs),患者衍生异体移植 (PDXs),芯片上的器官.
- 功能性基因组屏幕 (CRISPR/RNAi),药物基因组学和人工智能支持的建模的总结.
主要成果:
- 传统模型提供了可扩展性,但缺乏翻译忠实性.
- 先进的模型 (PDO,PDX,器官芯片) 更好地回顾人类生理学,但在吞吐量,成本和标准化方面面临挑战.
- 基因组屏幕和人工智能建模对于目标发现,抵抗映射和响应预测至关重要.
结论:
- 跨模型验证,数据协调和临床定终点对于现实世界的影响至关重要.
- 选择合适的查方式取决于研究目标,样本可用性和时间表.
- 提供实用指导,通过优化临床前查加速精确瘤学.
关键词:
通过CRISPR查进行查.人工智能 (AI) 是一种人工智能.生物标志物发现发现药物查对药物进行查.多主题整合多主题整合.器官在芯片上的器官患者衍生有机体 (PDO) 患者衍生有机体患者衍生异种移植 (PDX)药物基因组学 药物基因组学精确瘤学 精确瘤学更多相关视频
07:40Preparation of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Pellets and Plasma from a Single Blood Draw at Clinical Trial Sites for Biomarker Analysis
Published on: March 20, 2021
18.2K
08:46Implementation of In Vitro Drug Resistance Assays: Maximizing the Potential for Uncovering Clinically Relevant Resistance Mechanisms
Published on: December 9, 2015
11.1K
相关概念视频
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
5.8K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
5.8K
Drug Discovery: Overview
10.9K
Drug discovery is a multifaceted process involving extensive screening, testing, and optimization of lead compounds to identify potential new drugs for therapeutic use. It combines several approaches, including screening large numbers of natural products, chemical modification of known active molecules, identification of new drug targets, and rational design based on biological mechanisms and drug-receptor structure. These approaches are carried out in both academic research laboratories and...
10.9K
Cancer Therapies
9.8K
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
9.8K
Targeted Cancer Therapies
8.6K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
8.6K
