抗生素耐药性的和微塑料的等离子体介导的传播在微生物堆肥过程中
Rui Xin1, Huai Lin2, Zijun Li1,3
1Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China.
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 30, 2025
概括
和微塑料在动态堆肥过程中协同增加抗生素耐药性基因 (ARG),即使总等离子体水平保持稳定. 这凸显了移动遗传元素在环境安全方面的共同污染物风险评估中的关键作用.
科学领域:
- 环境微生物学环境微生物学
- 环境化学环境化学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 虫堆肥用于减少牛奶中的抗生素耐药性基因 (ARG).
- 像 (As) 和微塑料这样的共同污染物可能会损害绿化堆肥的效率.
- 在化堆肥过程中,As和微塑料对ARG携带的等离子体的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查As和聚乙烯基铁酸盐 (PET) 微塑料在化堆肥过程中对等离子体介导的ARG动态的单独和组合作用.
- 了解As和PET影响ARG丰度和传播的机制.
- 评估移动遗传元素在共同污染物风险中的作用.
主要方法:
- 控制的实验设计.
- 等离子体转基因组学分析等离子体类型和ARG丰度.
- 同时发生的网络分析,以了解基因相互作用.
- 对ARG/等离子体比率的评估.
主要成果:
- 单纯的虫堆肥是丰富的不可调动的等离子体.
- 聚乙烯微塑料促进了结合性和可调动性等离子体.
- 由于所有等离子体类型和总ARG丰度都显著增加.
- 结合As和PET暴露诱导了协同作用的ARG丰富.
- 通过共同选择性压力和水平基因转移 (HGT) 途径影响ARG.
- 通过"新陈代谢-抗性"合策略,PET促进了ARG的传播.
- 同时暴露在PET表面上产生了丰富热点,选择了超级细菌.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了等离子体水平的证据,证明在变质堆肥过程中,As和PET微塑料的协同ARG传播.
- 移动遗传元素在共同污染物的风险评估中起着至关重要的作用.
- 了解这些相互作用对于管理与共同污染物相关的环境风险至关重要.
相关概念视频
00:57Antibiotic Selection
59.3K
Overview
59.3K
01:28Plasmids
1.0K
Plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA molecules found in bacteria, archaea, and some eukaryotic microbes like yeast. These small, circular DNA structures typically contain fewer than 30 genes, although some may exist linearly. Plasmids vary in their number within a cell, known as copy number. Single-copy plasmids are present in one copy per cell and multi-copy plasmids are present in multiple copies, reaching over 100 copies per cell.Plasmids usually replicate independently of the chromosomal DNA...
1.0K
01:30Development of Antibiotic Resistance
1.1K
Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
1.1K
01:26Transformation
634
Microbial communities are dynamic environments where cell lysis releases free DNA into the surroundings. Other cells can take up this extracellular DNA through a process known as transformation.When a cell incorporates this foreign DNA into its genome, resulting in genetic modification, the process is known as transformation. Cells capable of this process are termed competent. Competence can be natural, as observed in certain bacteria and archaea, or artificially induced in the...
634
01:30Environmental Applications of Microorganisms
901
Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
901
00:46Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes
48.1K
The genome of most prokaryotic organisms consists of double-stranded DNA organized into one circular chromosome in a region of cytoplasm called the nucleoid. The chromosome is tightly wound, or supercoiled, for efficient storage. Prokaryotes also contain other circular pieces of DNA called plasmids. These plasmids are smaller than the chromosome and often carry genes that confer adaptive functions, such as antibiotic resistance.
Genomic Diversity in Bacteria
Although bacterial genomes are much...
Genomic Diversity in Bacteria
Although bacterial genomes are much...
48.1K