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自闭症谱系障碍患者的食物选择性,适应性功能和行为特征之间的关系

Rachele Sarnataro¹, Martina Siracusano^1,2, Roberta Campanile¹

¹Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Wellbeing of Mental and Neurological, Dental and Sensory Organ Health, Policlinico Tor Vergata Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy.

Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)

|December 30, 2025

概括

与没有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和食物选择性 (FS) 的儿童相比,他们表现出较低的适应能力和更多的行为问题. 早期识别这些模式对于了解ASD和饮食习惯至关重要.

科学领域:

神经发育障碍神经发育障碍
儿科心理学儿科心理学
行为科学行为科学

背景情况:

非典型的饮食习惯,特别是食物选择性 (FS),在自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 中从婴儿时期就很常见.
食物选择性,以有限的食物种类和对新食物的耐药性为特征,是ASD频繁出现的食障碍.
了解FS与ASD行为概况之间的联系对于干预至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了比较自适应性功能和自闭症儿童的行为形状,有和没有食物选择性 (FS).
为了确定FS和NFS组之间的认知能力,自闭症症状严重程度和年龄的差异.
探索多种类型的食物选择性对临床概况的影响.

主要方法:

对286名被诊断为ASD的儿童进行了回顾性研究.
分类为一种食物选择性 (FS) 组 (43.3%) 和一种没有食物选择性 (NFS) 组 (56.6%).
对适应能力,行为问题,认知,自闭症症状和年龄的分析.

主要成果:

在FS和NFS组之间,认知,自闭症症状水平或年龄没有显著差异.
与NFS组相比,患有ASD和FS的儿童表现出明显较低的适应能力和增加的行为问题.
在多种类型的食物选择性儿童中观察到更严重的临床特征.

结论:

早期识别和持续评估ASD和FS儿童的临床和行为模式至关重要.
这项研究增强了对自闭症症状和非典型饮食行为之间的关系的理解.
这些发现支持针对有选择性食物的自闭症儿童进行有针对性的干预.

关键词:

适应能力适应技能适应能力自闭症自闭症是什么行为概况行为概况食品的选择性食品的选择性感官处理感官处理

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