博士生机构规模的发展和心理特征
Lingmei Huang1, Qianqian Ruan2, Kai Wang3
1Institute of Higher Education, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 30, 2025
概括
这项研究开发了博士生机构规模 (DSAS) 来衡量博士生机构. 该DSAS是一个有效和可靠的工具,用于评估博士学位教育的学生发展.
科学领域:
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 高等教育研究 高等教育研究
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
背景情况:
- 博士生机构至关重要,但缺乏经过验证的测量工具,特别是在中国.
- 现有的研究主要使用定性方法,限制了定量评估.
- 监督和机构因素显著影响博士生体验.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证博士生机构规模 (DSAS).
- 为测量博士生机构提供一个心理测量健全的仪器.
- 帮助理解和促进博士生在特定背景下的发展.
主要方法:
- 连续的混合方法设计,包括定性访谈和定量调查.
- 从半结构面试 (n=27) 和专家审查中生成项目.
- 对436名博士生数据的探索和确认因素分析.
主要成果:
- 最终的DSAS包括27个项目,跨越7个第一阶段的因素,加载到3个第二阶段的维度:自我机构,学术机构和资源机构.
- 该尺度表现出强大的心理测量特性,包括有效性和可靠性.
- DSAS得分显示了与学术能力和研究角色身份的显著相关性.
结论:
- DSAS是评估博士生机构的有效和可靠工具.
- 这个尺度提炼了博士机构的多维概念化.
- DSAS为监督者和机构提供了一个实用的诊断工具,以有效地支持博士生.
相关概念视频
01:22Self-Report Tests of Personality
731
Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
731
02:45Self-Discrepancy Theory
18.8K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
18.8K
01:29Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model
248
The Self-Evaluation Maintenance (SEM) model offers a psychological framework to understand how individuals’ self-esteem is influenced by the achievements of others, particularly those with whom they share close personal bonds. The SEM model operates when personal rather than social identity guides individuals. Central to this model is the notion that individuals have an inherent desire to preserve a favorable self-image, which is continuously shaped by interpersonal comparisons and...
248
01:29Reliability and Validity
13.7K
Reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. Reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. In the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways.
13.7K
01:29Self-Discrepancy and Its Effects
262
Self-discrepancy theory explains how people compare their actual self to their ideal and ought selves and how mismatches between these self-guides can lead to emotional distress. Developed by E. Tory Higgins, the theory distinguishes among three components of self-concept: the actual self, the ideal self, and the ought self. These refer respectively to how individuals perceive themselves, how they aspire to be, and how they believe they are obligated to be. Emotional well-being, self-esteem,...
262
01:24Strategies of Self-Presentation III: Self-Monitoring
179
Self-monitoring is a central construct in understanding individual differences in self-presentation strategies across social contexts. It refers to how individuals observe, regulate, and control their expressive behavior and self-presentation following situational cues. Self-monitoring reflects a person's sensitivity to social appropriateness and willingness to adapt behavior to fit varying interpersonal demands.High vs. Low Self-Monitoring IndividualsIndividuals high in self-monitoring are...
179