单细胞模型已经知道什么关于乱?
Andreas Bjerregaard1,2, Iñigo Prada-Luengo2,3, Vivek Das4
1Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Genes
|December 30, 2025
概括
单细胞生成模型含有扰动信息. 解码器输出的自动差异化揭示了基因表达的变化,使得在体模拟和途径分析.
科学领域:
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
- 单细胞基因组学 单细胞基因组学
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 单细胞生成模型通常包含虚拟细胞.
- 模型对表现生物干扰的能力尚不清楚.
- 调查这些模型中扰动的隐性知识至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索单细胞生成模型中扰动的隐含知识.
- 开发一种推断和可视化基因表达因扰动而发生的变化的方法.
- 评估这些模型在体扰动模拟和路径分析中的实用性.
主要方法:
- 在多种基因表达数据集 (遗传,化学,时间扰乱) 上训练有素的变异自编码器.
- 通过使用自动分化计算无限小的基因表达变化的矢量场来推断干扰.
- 测试了一个大规模的scVI模型,通过对健康到疾病轴的梯度对齐来评分基因,并使用LLMs进行途径评估.
主要成果:
- 在各种扰乱数据集中成功恢复已知的生物转换 (例如,基因淘汰,化学处理,胚胎生成).
- 在大小鼠细胞地图数据集中确定了与2型糖尿病有显著相关性的途径.
- 证明基于梯度的方法优于扰动分析的平均表达基线.
结论:
- 训练有素的单细胞解码器本质上存储了丰富的,与扰乱相关的信息.
- 自动差异化提供了一个强大的工具,可以访问这些信息用于in-silico模拟.
- 这种方法可以在疾病或治疗轴上对基因和途径进行原则性排名,而不需要明确的扰动标签或专门的模型架构.
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