由胰岛素动态调节的脂肪细胞中的甘油三积累.
Tatiana Yu Plyusnina1, Yulia A Chistyakova1, Polina V Fursova1
1Department of Biophysics, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-24, Moscow 119234, Russia.
International journal of molecular sciences
|December 30, 2025
概括
饮食频率通过改变胰岛素动态而影响脂肪储存,而不仅仅是卡路里摄入量. 经常吃饭会增加甘油三的积累,而少吃饭会减少,从而影响总体脂肪量.
科学领域:
- 代谢研究的研究.
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 数学建模的数学建模
背景情况:
- 脂肪细胞中的甘油三积累是脂肪质量调节的关键因素.
- 胰岛素在碳水化合物和脂质代谢中起着至关重要的作用.
- 在同热度条件下,饮食频率对脂质代谢的影响需要进一步阐明.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究饮食频率对脂肪细胞中甘油三积累的影响.
- 确定胰岛素动态的作用,特别是峰值幅度,持续时间和重叠在调节脂质代谢中的作用.
- 为了区分胰岛素时间形状的影响与其平均度对脂肪积累的影响.
主要方法:
- 碳水化合物-脂质代谢的数学模型被用来模拟在同热量条件下的各种食方案 (1-8餐/天).
- 一个简化的模型允许对胰岛素峰值特征 (幅度,宽度,重叠) 的独立变化.
- 代谢流量分析被用来检查驱动甘油三积累的机制,重点是合成和脂解.
主要成果:
- 与每天三次养相比,不频繁的食 (1-2 餐/天) 减少,而频繁的食 (5-8 餐/天) 增加了甘油三积累.
- 这些影响在健康人群中最为明显,在2型糖尿病中减弱.
- 脂肪积累与胰岛素的动态特征相关 (幅度,持续时间,重叠),而不是平均胰岛素水平.
结论:
- 通过定义胰岛素信号的时间结构,食时间显著塑造脂肪质量.
- 胰岛素动态,而不是平均度,是脂质代谢的主要调节者.
- 饮食指南应考虑饮食模式,以及成分和总能量摄入量,以有效的代谢管理.
更多相关视频
09:41Measuring the Rate of Lipolysis in Ex Vivo Murine Adipose Tissue and Primary Preadipocytes Differentiated In Vitro
Published on: March 17, 2023
3.5K
06:50Isolation of Adipogenic and Fibro-Inflammatory Stromal Cell Subpopulations from Murine Intra-Abdominal Adipose Depots
Published on: August 16, 2020
3.1K
相关概念视频
Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways
2.6K
Insulin action is mediated through a receptor tyrosine kinase, akin to the IGF-1 receptor. The number of receptors per cell varies significantly, from 40 on erythrocytes to 300,000 on adipocytes and hepatocytes. The insulin receptor consists of linked α/β subunit dimers, forming a heterotetramer glycoprotein with two extracellular α subunits and two β subunits spanning the membrane. The α subunits inhibit the inherent tyrosine kinase activity of the β subunits, but...
2.6K
Fats as Energy Storage Molecules
26.8K
Triglycerides are a form of long-term energy storage molecules. They are made of glycerol and three fatty acids. To obtain energy from fat, triglycerides must first be broken down by hydrolysis into their two principal components, fatty acids and glycerol. This process, called lipolysis, takes place in the cytoplasm. The resulting fatty acids are oxidized by β-oxidation into acetyl-CoA, which is used by the Krebs cycle. The glycerol that is released from triglycerides after lipolysis...
26.8K
Insulin Secretory Vesicles
6.3K
Insulin secretory vesicles release insulin to stimulate blood glucose uptake and regulate carbohydrate metabolism. When the blood glucose levels increase, glucose enters the pancreatic β-islet cells through glucose transporters. Once inside, glucose is metabolized through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain, producing ATP. This increase in ATP concentration closes ATP-sensitive potassium channels, leading to depolarization of the membrane and the opening of...
6.3K
Obesity
1.1K
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
1.1K
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose
6.3K
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
6.3K
Overview of Lipid Metabolism
4.7K
Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
4.7K
