人工智能技术在植物微RNA研究中的应用:进展,挑战和前景
1School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
International journal of molecular sciences
|December 30, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 正在彻底改变植物微RNA (miRNA) 研究,增强基因调控研究和作物改进. 人工智能的进步,特别是深度学习,显著提高了植物miRNA及其目标的预测准确性.
科学领域:
- 植物分子生物学 植物分子生物学
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
- 计算生物学是一种计算生物学.
背景情况:
- 植物微RNA (miRNA) 是基因表达的关键调节者,在转录后对生长,发育和应激反应至关重要.
- 植物miRNA具有独特的特征,包括核生物发生和高目标互补性,使专门的计算预测方法成为可能.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查人工智能 (AI) 在植物miRNA研究中的演变和应用.
- 分析AI在miRNA识别,目标预测和监管网络分析中的作用.
- 在人工智能驱动的植物miRNA研究中确定当前的挑战和未来的方向.
主要方法:
- 对传统的机器学习和深度学习架构的审查,应用于植物miRNA研究.
- 对AI应用在预测miRNA识别,目标结合和与lncRNAs相互作用方面的分析.
- 在AI模型中评估数据不平衡,跨物种概括,可解释性和验证问题.
主要成果:
- 通过深度学习,人工智能对植物miRNAs的预测准确度已经从~90%提高到99%以上.
- 人工智能有助于分析miRNA-lncRNA相互作用和竞争的内源RNA (ceRNA) 网络.
- 仍然存在重大挑战,包括数据不平衡,有限的模型解释性和实验验证瓶.
结论:
- 人工智能对于推动植物miRNA研究和支持作物改进是不可或缺的.
- 解决数据不平衡和提高模型解释性对于未来的AI应用至关重要.
- 在人工智能和高通量验证方面的持续创新对于新的miRNA设计是必要的.
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