在ICU获得的神经肌肉衰弱的基于机器学习的分类:在重症病幸存者的比较研究
David Estévez-Freire1, Ivan Cangas1, Andrés Tirado-Espín2
1School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Universidad Yachay Tech, San Miguel de Urcuqui 100119, Ecuador.
对于患者的预后来说,将重症监护室获得的肌肉缩 (ICU-AW) 分类至关重要. 机器学习模型,特别是支持矢量机器,准确地确定了神经临界患者的肌肉损失严重程度.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 密集护理医学 密集护理医学
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
背景情况:
- 在重症监护室获得的肌肉缩 (ICU-AW) 显著影响患者的治疗结果和康复.
- 精确的ICU-AW分类对于及时预后和个性化神经康复策略至关重要.
- 现有的评估神经临界患者肌肉缩的方法需要先进的计算方法.
研究的目的:
- 评估和比较先进的机器学习 (ML) 算法,用于分类神经关键患者的神经肌肉缩.
- 为了确定最有效的ML模型,准确的ICU-AW严重性分类.
- 了解导致肌肉缩分类的关键临床和生化因素.
主要方法:
- 从198名神经-ICU患者的临床,生化,人体和形态数据的回顾性分析.
- 培训和评估六个监督的ML模型:SVM,MLP,XGBoost,TPOT AutoML,AdaBoost和多项逻辑回归.
- 使用分层交叉验证,合成过量采样,超参数优化和可解释的AI (LIME,SHAP) 来进行模型评估.
主要成果:
- 支持矢量机 (SVM) 以93%的精度和0.95的ROC-AUC表现出卓越的性能.
- MLP和XGBoost也表现出强的表现,分别准确率为82.8%和80%.
- 可解释的AI确定了BMI,血清白蛋白和身体表面积作为肌肉损失的关键预测因素.
结论:
- 先进的ML模型,特别是SVM,可以准确地分类神经临界患者的ICU-AW的严重程度.
- 这些发现支持将ML整合到改善预后和针对重症幸存者的定制康复中.
- 像BMI和血清白蛋白这样的关键生理变量是自动化肌肉缩评估的关键指标.
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