适应性神经肌肉协同收缩策略在单腿跳跃时的不同接近速度和距离下:一项探索性研究
Wei-Hsun Tai1,2, Hsien-Te Peng2,3, Jian-Zhi Lin4
1School of General Education, Guangzhou Institute of Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510540, China.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 30, 2025
概括
运动员在跳跃着陆过程中根据接近速度和距离调整肌肉激活和关节硬度. 这种协调有助于平衡关节保护和性能,可能降低受伤风险.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 人类运动科学科学 人类运动科学
- 运动医学 运动医学
背景情况:
- 了解神经肌肉策略对于优化运动表现和预防受伤至关重要.
- 关节硬度调节在动态运动 (如跳跃着陆) 中控制冲击力方面发挥着关键作用.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究接近速度和距离对下肢肌肉激活,关节合收缩比率 (CCRs) 和单腿接近运行跳跃着陆 (ARJSL) 期间机械关节硬性的影响.
- 为了澄清ARJSL中用于关节硬度调节的适应性神经肌肉策略.
主要方法:
- 25名男性大学生在不同的接近速度 (快速/缓慢) 和距离 (3,6,9米) 下进行了ARJSL.
- 表面电肌图 (sEMG) 分析了前激活,制动和推开阶段的五个关键下肢肌肉的肌肉激活.
- 用动力学和动力学数据计算了膝盖和脚合收缩比 (CCR) 和机械关节度.
主要成果:
- 速度和距离之间的显著相互作用影响了小腿前部激活,CCRs和异常脚硬度.
- 增加的前激活膝盖CCR与更快,更长的方法表明预期的关节先硬化.
- 更快的方法导致更高的集中性部和脚硬度在推开时,增强能量传输.
结论:
- 运动员在神经肌肉共同收缩和机械度方面表现出协调,相位依赖的适应.
- 这些发现突出了在ARJSL期间平衡联合保护和绩效的策略.
- 洞察力可以为训练计划提供信息,以提高跳跃效率并降低前十字带 (ACL) 损伤风险.
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