在口腔状细胞癌 (OSCC) 中基于唾液的分子诊断:瘤学的非侵入性前沿
Noura A A Ebrahim1, Soliman M A Soliman2, Thoraya A Farghaly3
1Oncologic Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute (NCI) - Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. npathologist@gmail.com.
概括
唾液诊断显示出口腔癌 (OSCC) 检测和监测的前景,识别HPV,microRNA和蛋白质等生物标志物. 需要进一步验证临床使用.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 生物标志物发现发现
- 诊断技术 诊断技术 诊断技术
背景情况:
- 唾液是一种用于诊断口腔状细胞癌 (OSCC) 的非侵入性生物流体.
- 在OSCC中唾液循环DNA (ctDNA) 水平可能超过血水平.
- 唾液采集是简单的,非侵入性的,并且对定期监测具有成本效益.
研究的目的:
- 审查唾液生物标志物的潜力,用于OSCC诊断和监测.
- 为突出基于唾液的诊断技术的进步.
- 讨论临床实施的挑战和未来方向.
主要方法:
- 对OSCC的唾液生物标志物的现有证据的审查.
- 识别各种生物标志物类型:病毒核酸 (HPV),宿主衍生分子 (蛋白质,细胞因子),微RNA和细胞外囊泡.
- 探索技术进步,如多态学,人工智能,微流体学和生物传感器.
主要成果:
- 确定的唾液生物标志物包括HPV,IL-6,IL-8,VEGF,miR-21,miR-31,miR-184和瘤特异性的细胞外囊泡.
- 口腔微生物组失调与OSCC进展有关.
- 技术进步提高了生物标志物面板的设计,并使得快速,便携式诊断成为可能.
结论:
- 唾液诊断是一种有前途的辅助器,用于OSCC的组织病理学和成像.
- 潜在的应用包括早期检测,患者分层和监测复发.
- 挑战包括缺乏FDA批准的试验,研究规模小,以及需要标准化方案.
- 大规模的试验,监管部门的批准和成本效益的证明对于临床转化至关重要.
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