通过单细胞RNA测序解读PRRSV感染中的免疫特征和细胞异质性
Jianda Li1, Yue Liang1, Yuyu Zhang1,2
1Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
Journal of virology
|December 30, 2025
概括
猪生殖和呼吸系统综合征病毒 (PRRSV) 感染会导致小猪的肺免疫细胞功能障碍和巨细胞枯竭. 高SPP1的巨细胞是PRRSV的关键点,驱动炎症并改变T和B细胞的反应.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 动物科学动物科学
背景情况:
- 猪生殖和呼吸系统综合征病毒 (PRRSV) 在猪业中造成重大经济损失.
- 了解PRRSV引起的免疫功能障碍in vivo对于疾病控制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在单细胞水平上描述PRRSV感染对肺免疫细胞群的影响.
- 识别PRRSV点细胞,了解肺部病毒与宿主之间的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 来自感染PRRSV的小猪的肺细胞的单细胞RNA测序.
- 在15种细胞类型中对46,922个单细胞进行转录基因分析.
- 细胞与细胞通信分析和病毒RNA跟踪.
主要成果:
- PRRSV感染导致显著的巨细胞亡和异常分化,SPP1巨细胞被确定为主要标.
- 巨细胞与其他细胞之间的增强相互作用促进了炎症,并改变了T和B细胞的激活.
- 观察到单细胞分化成巨细胞,可能减轻细胞损失,而B细胞和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞显示异常发育.
结论:
- 通过向巨细胞和改变免疫细胞的通信和功能,PRRSV深刻地破坏了肺部免疫平衡.
- 这项研究提供了关于PRRSV病变的详细单细胞视图,揭示了免疫逃避和肺损伤的机制.
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