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Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

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The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
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When it comes to infants and young children, they are typically administered smaller doses of medication in comparison to adults. This is primarily because their organ functions still need to fully develop, meaning their bodies are not as efficient at metabolizing or eliminating drugs. Additionally, their blood-brain barrier is more permeable than in adults. As a result, high concentrations of drugs can easily penetrate the central nervous system (CNS), potentially leading to neurological...
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It is not uncommon for complete drug pharmacokinetic profiles to remain elusive in pharmacokinetics. This necessitates certain educated assumptions by pharmacokineticists to determine appropriate dosage regimens without comprehensive pharmacokinetic data from animal or human studies. One prevalent assumption is setting the bioavailability factor, denoted as F, to 1 or 100%. This assumption caters to the scenario where a drug doesn't achieve full systemic absorption, resulting in the patient...
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Murine Model of Controlled Cortical Impact for the Induction of Traumatic Brain Injury
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多药学,门诊处方和TBI风险:系统审查

Hadjer Dahel1, Han Ting Wang2, Christophe Dumais2

  • 1Faculté de pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montreal. Canada; Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, CIUSSS NÎM research center, Montreal, Canada.

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概括

某些药物,包括抗精神病药物,抗抑郁药,催眠药和阿片类药物,与创伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 的风险增加有关. 抗血栓药物对TBI风险的影响仍然不一致,需要进一步调查,特别是在老年人中.

关键词:
抗精神病药物 抗精神病药物抗血栓剂 抗血栓剂是一种抗血栓剂.多种药房 多种药房镇静剂 镇静剂是一种镇静剂.这是一个TBI,TBI.这就是Z-药物.

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
  • 流行病学 流行病学

背景情况:

  • 老年人中创伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 的发生率正在上升.
  • 药物使用是TBI的可修改风险因素.
  • 关于特定药物和TBI风险的研究有限.

研究的目的:

  • 系统地审查特定药物使用,多药和TBI风险之间的关联.
  • 为TBI预防策略和未来研究方向提供信息.

主要方法:

  • 按照PRISMA指南进行系统审查,在PROSPERO.中注册.
  • 在多个数据库中进行了搜索 (MEDLINE,EMBASE,PsycINFO等). ) 的情况.
  • 包括关于药物和TBI风险的RCT,准实验和观察性研究;排除了儿科和非TBI创伤研究.

主要成果:

  • 16项研究符合纳入标准,检查了7种药物类别和27种单一药物.
  • 抗精神病药物,抗抑郁药,二,阿片类药物和抗失常药物与增加TBI风险有关.
  • 抗血栓和z药的结果在研究中不一致.

结论:

  • 抗精神病药,抗抑郁药,催眠药和阿片类药物与增加TBI风险有关.
  • 抗血栓药物与TBI风险的关联需要进一步研究.
  • 需要更多关于TBI药物风险的研究,特别是在老年人群中.