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序列头骨超声波在早产婴儿中的实用性

Victoria Johnson¹, Sarah Batt², Hadi Berbari³

¹Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States.

American journal of perinatology

|December 30, 2025

概括

在早产婴儿的连续头超声波 (CUS) 与AAP指南保持一致. 在正常扫描后出现新的异常是罕见的,并确定了严重腹腔内出血 (IVH) 的关键风险因素.

科学领域:

新生儿神经病学新生儿神经病学
儿科放射学儿科放射学
临床实践指南临床实践指南

背景情况:

2020年美国儿科学会 (AAP) 临床报告提供了针对早产婴儿的连续头骨超声波 (CUS) 的最新建议.
评估这些指导方针的遵守和结果对于优化新生儿神经保护至关重要.

研究的目的:

评估一个单一中心是否遵守2020年AAP CUS指南.
为了确定正常初始扫描后新的头骨异常的发生率.
在生命的第一个星期内识别严重腹腔内出血 (IVH) 的危险因素.

主要方法:

一个回顾性为期八年的研究 (2016-2023) 的早产婴儿经历了连续CUS.
对CUS实践和AAP指南实施前后结果的比较.
后勤回归分析以确定早期严重IVH的风险因素.

主要成果:

连续CUS频率在AAP前后期间保持一致 (中位数为3次扫描).
在正常的7-10天生命 (DOL) 扫描后 (13%) 新异常很少出现,在7-10 DOL和4-6周 (3%) 的正常扫描后甚至更罕见.
降低妊娠年龄 (<25周),晚期复苏和在外医院分娩是7DOL前严重IVH的重要危险因素.

结论:

该中心的连续CUS实践通常与2020年AAP报告保持一致.
在正常的早期CUS后检测到的新头骨异常不常见,通常是轻微的 (1级IVH,良性囊).
妊娠年龄,复苏方式和出生地点是影响严重早期IVH风险的关键因素.

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