孤独死亡的潜在风险因素:韩国全国一项病例控制研究
Hye Yeon Koo1,2, Haibin Bai3,4, Jae-Ryun Lee4
1Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
Journal of Korean medical science
|December 30, 2025
概括
孤独死亡与低收入,多种健康状况和频繁使用医疗保健有关. 识别这些风险因素可以帮助预防弱势群体中孤独死亡.
科学领域:
- 社会流行病学 社会流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 孤独的死亡,定义为独自在家里死去,后来发现,是一个日益增长的社会关注.
- 识别孤独死亡的个体特征对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定人口统计,健康和医疗保健利用特征,区分单独死亡的个人与对照组.
- 通过比较分析来区分孤独死亡的高风险人群.
主要方法:
- 一项用来自韩国犯罪现场调查和国家健康保险服务 (NHIS) 数据库的数据进行的病例控制研究.
- 从2021年开始,包括3,122个孤独死亡病例和9,493个性别和年龄匹配的对照.
- 后勤回归分析,以评估孤独死亡与各种因素之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 经历孤独死亡的个人更有可能获得医疗援助,属于最低收入,并具有较高的并发症得分 (查尔森并发症指数≥3).
- 在孤独死亡组中,慢性疾病 (糖尿病,心力衰竭),精神健康障碍 (精神分裂症,双相情感障碍) 和与酒精有关的疾病的患病率较高.
- 经常使用医疗保健也是与孤独死亡相关的重要因素.
结论:
- 孤独死亡与社会经济因素 (如低收入) 和与健康相关的因素 (如多重疾病和先前存在的疾病) 密切相关.
- 经常使用医疗保健是与孤独死亡有关的关键指标.
- 建议针对高风险群体进行有针对性的干预,重点关注低收入和复杂的健康需求,以防止孤独死亡.
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