在接受新辅助化疗的三阴性乳腺癌患者中,放射和病理完整反应的不一致性
Asim Dhungana1, Wenji Guo2, Dezheng Huo3
1Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL (A.D.).
Academic radiology
|December 30, 2025
概括
在三阴性乳腺癌 (TNBC) 中,免疫疗法 (IO) 与新辅助化疗 (NAC) 结合,显著降低了MRI在检测残留疾病中的准确性. 这表明,当IO使用时,MRI可能会高估治疗反应.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
背景情况:
- 在新辅助化疗 (NAC) 后的病理完整反应 (pCR) 对三阴性乳腺癌 (TNBC) 结果至关重要.
- 乳房MRI和US评估NAC反应,但免疫疗法 (IO) 的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 在TNBC患者中评估放射性完整反应 (rCR) 和pCR之间的不一致性.
- 评估IO对NAC后放射性反应评估的影响.
主要方法:
- 对186名TNBC患者进行了回顾性队列研究 (2013-2022年).
- 分析了NAC前后的MRI/US,将rCR与pCR关联起来.
- 使用科恩的卡帕和费舍尔的精确测试来测量与IO的一致性和关联.
主要成果:
- pCR和MRI对应度与IO下降 (kappa=0.39对比0.60没有IO).
- 对于IO,pCR和US的一致性是可以忽略不计的 (kappa=0.05对比0.42没有IO).
- 在没有rCR的MRI患者中,IO与pCR相关 (p=0.009),负预测值较低 (NPV=50%与IO相比84%,没有IO).
结论:
- 新辅助化疗免疫疗法 (NAC+IO) 在TNBC中显著降低了NAC后MRI的NPV.
- 在接受IO的TNBC患者中,MRI可能会高估治疗反应,这可能是由于免疫疗法诱导的炎症.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解影响放射学评估的IO相关炎症变化.
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