在野生黑猩猩中,眼睛的寿命发展跟踪
Kris H Sabbi1,2, Isabelle G Monroe2,3, Alexandra G Rosati3,4
1Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Developmental science
|December 31, 2025
概括
野生黑猩猩表现出注视的行为,这是一个关键的社会认知技能,即使没有先前的人类互动. 这种能力在青春期发展,与人类的发育模式不同.
科学领域:
- 灵长类的认知能力
- 社会行为社会行为.
- 进化心理学 进化心理学
背景情况:
- 凝视追踪是人类的一个基本的社会认知技能,对于复杂的社会互动至关重要.
- 虽然在其他灵长类动物中观察到,但研究一直局限于被囚禁的种群,阻碍了对自然社会背景的理解.
- 研究野生动物提供了对自然社会群体认知和发育变化的生物学基础的见解.
研究的目的:
- 研究野生黑猩猩 (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) 在自然息地中的目光追踪行为.
- 为了确定野生黑猩猩是否没有先前与人类的社交经验,表现出凝视后的反应.
- 分析黑猩猩从婴儿期到老年时的目光追踪技能的发展轨迹.
主要方法:
- 实地实验是在乌干达基巴莱国家公园 (Kibale National Park) 的野生黑猩猩身上进行的.
- 一个人类示范者在测试试验中抬头看,在对照试验中抬头看.
- 黑猩猩的反应被记录在多个试验中,在不同的日子呈现.
主要成果:
- 野生黑猩猩可靠地跟着示威者的目光,当示威者抬头时,他们会更频繁地抬头.
- 在青少年和年轻成年人中,一直观察到注视后的行为.
- 婴儿和年长的成年黑猩猩没有表现出强大的目光追踪反应.
结论:
- 野生黑猩猩表现出凝视追随的行为,即使没有人类社会化,也表现出共同定向的反应.
- 在黑猩猩中目光追踪的发育出现,在青少年中出现,与人类相比,表明了不同的发育轨迹.
- 这项研究为野生灵长类动物的目光追踪提供了第一个证据,为自然环境中的社会认知提供了关键的见解.
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